进出口实务与操作英文版课件李月菊 ISBN9787811342178chapter 1.pptVIP

Import-Export Practices and Operation Chapter 1 Introduction to International Trade Practices Learning Objectives After completing this chapter, students should ensure their understanding of the following: different modes of international business a background knowledge of the international trading environment the general procedures of export transaction with letter of credit payment parties involved in an import-export transaction Chapter Structure Section One Modes of International Business Section Two International Trading Environment Section Three General Procedures of an Import-Export Transaction Section Four Introducing the Parties to an Import-Export Transaction Section One Modes of International Business Definition: International business is all commercial transactions -- private and governmental--between two or more countries． Private companies undertake such transactions for profit; governments may or may not do the same in their transactions. Section One Modes of International Business Why Companies Engage in International Business? ●Expand Sales Higher sales mean higher profits，assuming that each unit sold has the same markup． So increased sales are a major motive for a company’s expansion into international business. Many of the world’s largest companies derive over half their sales from outside their home countries． Section One Modes of International Business ●Acquire Resources Manufacturers and distributors seek out products, services，and components produced in foreign countries．They also look for foreign capital，technologies，and information that they can use at home． Sometimes they do this to reduce their costs, sometimes to acquire something not readily available in its home country. Section One Modes of International Business ●Minimize Risk To minimize swings in sales and profits, companies may seek out foreign markets to take advantage of business cycle--recessions and expans