阳极开槽对铝电解气液两相流影响的数值模拟研究.doc

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2017.10 doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2017.10.009 詹水清a，杨建红b，王贞涛a，郑俊a，王军锋a （江苏大学，a.能源与动力工程学院，b.绿色材料与冶金研究院，江苏镇江 212013） 摘要：基于计算流体动力学原理，建立了全尺度三阳极铝电解槽内气液两相流三维CFD-PBM耦合计算模型，采用Grace曳力系数模型和Simonin湍流扩散力模型分别计算气液相间曳力和湍流扩散力，研究和讨论了开槽阳极对阳极底掌区域内气液两相流体流动及气泡分布特性的影响。结果表明，电解质流场预测结果与文献测试结果吻合良好；对阳极进行开槽可明显加快气泡的逸出方式，从而改变电解质流场和气体体积分数分布；长度方向开槽可明显降低气体体积分数和减小气泡索特平均直径。 关键词：铝电解槽；开槽阳极；气液两相流；气泡分布特性；数值模拟 中图分类号：TF821；TB115 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-7545（2017）10-0000-00 Numerical Simulation of Effect of Anode Slot on Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow and Bubble Distribution Characteristic in Aluminum Reduction Cells ZHAN Shui-qinga, YANG Jian-hongb, WANG Zhen-taoa, ZHENG Juna, WANG Jun-fenga (a. School of Energy and Power Engineering, b. Institute of Green Materials and Metallurgy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China) Abstract：Three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations of gas-liquid two-phase flows in full scale three-anode model were established based on computational fluid dynamics-population balance model (CFD-PBM). Grace drag coefficient model and Simonin turbulent dispersion force model were applied to calculate drag force between gas-liquid phase and turbulent dispersion force respectively. The effects of anode slot configurations on gas-liquid two-phase flows and bubble distribution characteristics in anode bottom regions were investigated and discussed. The simulation results show that electrolyte flow patterns predicted by CFD-PBM simulation are in accordance with experimental data in literature. Anode slots can significantly promote release of anode gas and affect distributions of electrolyte velocity and gas volume fraction. Longitudinal slots can reduce gas volume fraction and bubble Sauter mean diameter. Key words：aluminum reduction cells; anode slot; gas-liquid two-phase flow; bubble distribution characteristic; numerical simulation 在铝电解过程中，二氧化碳气体从阳极底掌产生到逸出电解质表面的过程中，会形成较复杂的气液两相流动作用过程。同时，现代工业槽阳极底掌面积比较大，气泡逐渐聚集在阳极底掌，形成一层不同气泡尺寸分布的气泡膜，会恶化和改变极间电场分布特性，增大极间电阻、