Chloroethene degradation and expression of Dehalococcoides dehalogenase genes in cultures originating from Yangtze sediments英文学习资料 .pdfVIP

Environ Sci Pollut Res (2015) 22:3138–3148 DOI 10.1007/s11356-014-3574-4 RESEARCH ARTICLE Chloroethene degradation and expression of Dehalococcoides dehalogenase genes in cultures originating from Yangtze sediments Irene Kranzioch Selina Ganz Andreas Tiehm Received: 10 June 2014 /Accepted: 8 September 2014 /Published online: 20 September 2014 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 Abstract The anaerobic Dehalococcoides spp. is the only Introduction microorganism known to completely dechlorinate the hazard- ous compounds tetrachloroethene (PCE) or trichloroethene The extensive use of chlorinated ethenes as solvents and (TCE) via dichloroethene (DCE) and vinyl chloride (VC) to synthetic feed stocks has resulted in widespread environmen- the terminal product, ethene. In this study, growth of tal contamination. Their strong toxicity, persistence in the Dehalococcoides spp. (DHC) and the expression of DHC environment, and carcinogenicity may pose serious environ- dehalogenase genes were demonstrated for Yangtze enrich- mental problems. Groundwater in the vicinity of industrial ment cultures. Reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes oc- sites producing or using chlorinated organic compounds is curred in Yangtze sediment without the addition of any exter- often contaminated with chlorinated ethenes (Aktaş et al. nal auxiliary substrates. All Yangtze enrichment cultures 2012), and chlorinated ethene contamination has been report- completely dechlorinated PCE and cis-DCE to ethene. To ed in soil and groundwater worldwide, including in Germany, investigate expression of the dehalogenase genes pceA , tceA, the USA, Japan, and South Korea (Schmidt and Tiehm 2008; vcrA, and bvcA, a protocol for messenger RNA (mRNA)