信号转导异常与疾病幻灯片.pptx

信号转导异常与疾病;cancer;General Introduction of Cell Signal Transduction 信号转导简介; Concept of Cell Signal Transduction ; Signal molecules; Modes for the function of endogenous signals ; The primary pathways of cell signalling ;High moleular weight G-protein (trimeric GTP-binding regulatory protein);G-protein-mediated pathway ; Phospholipase C mediated pathway; Non-G-protein-mediated pathway ; Signal Transduction Through Receptor Tyrosine Kinases ; Cytokine Receptors;The cytosolic domain of a cytokine receptor does not possess intrinsic catalytic activity. Rather, the ligand-bound receptor recruits and activates the cytosolic tyrosine kinase JAK. JAK substrates include JAK itself, the receptor, IRS molecules, and the transcriptional activator STAT. Phosphorylated JAK also interacts with other signal transduction proteins through SH2 domains;Type I and type II receptors for TGF-b in a cell prior to binding of the growth factor. Binding of growth factor results in clustering of type I and type II receptors, and phosphorylation of type I receptors by type II receptors. The activated type I receptors then phosphorylate particular receptor-mediated Smads. These Smads then bind to other Smads (co-Smads), and together they enter the nucleus. ; Intracellular (nuclear) receptor mediated pathway ;;The magnitude of amplification within this cellular cascade structure often exceeds 10+4. That is, the binding of one molecule of ligand to a cell-surface receptor leads a change of 10,000-fold in the intracellular concentration of a metabolic product. ;CHAPTER 2 Dysfunction of cellular signal  transduction in diseases 信号转导异常与疾病;儿茶酚胺;Receptor-based diseases;;mechanism;manifestations;;肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症，也称为肌萎缩侧索硬化症，俗称为渐冻人症;doi:10.1038/nature10353;水通道蛋白;manifestations;G protein-based disease;mechanism;G-protein modification—— cholera （霍乱）; Aberrant Intracellular Signaling;normal;癌基因; ;Disturbances in;; 血糖水平的平衡主要受到激素调节 ;腺苷环化酶 （无活性）;胰岛素信号通路;AC （无活性）; To regulate the level of extrace