从应用到方案-吉时利测试测量经典案例.ppt

Here is how coax and triax are constructed. The connectors are shown as well. Coax cable is a center conductor and an outer shield. Triax cable has a center conductor and an outer shield. In addition, triax cable has an inner shield around the center conductor. The inner shield, known as the guard connection can be used to apply a voltage on it that is equal to the voltage on the center conductor. With no voltage differential between the center conductor and the inner shield, no leakage current can flow from center conductor to the inner shield. Thus measurement error is reduced. Also a build up of charge between the center conductor and the inner shield is prevented. * * Here is an overview of the determination of carrier mobility. First you measure the Hall Voltage, which we call here VH, and you do that by forcing both a magnetic field perpendicular to the sample and a current through the sample. The combination of the current flow (I) and the magnetic field (B) causes a transverse current and you measure the resulting potential, VH across the device. An accurate measurement of the sample thickness is required. The last parameter you need is resistivity. You can determine resistivity with either a four point probe or a van der Pauw measurement. We will discuss the van der Pauw technique. With these five parameters, you can calculate the Hall mobility, the formula shown in the blue box, the product of the sample thickness and the Hall Voltage divided by the product of the known values of the magnetic field, the forcing current, and the resistivity. A Hall voltage is small, on the order of mV and lower. The measured van der Pauw parameters can also be small. So we need good measurement techniques and some averaging techniques to obtain the best possible results. * Here are the measurement configurations for both the Hall Effect voltage and the van der Pauw resistance measurement. The measurement configurations are very similar. Both measurements use four con