安徽中考英语第二部分专题语法高效突破专项11动词的语态课件.pptVIP

第二部分 专项语法 高效突破 专项11 动词的语态 高频考点精讲 考点1 动词的被动语态 　1.被动语态的构成 时态 被动语态的构成 例句 一般现在时 is / am / are＋动词的过去分词　 The classroom is cleaned every day.教室每天被打扫。 一般过去时 was / were＋动词的过去分词 She was hurt yesterday.他昨天受伤了。 一般将来时 will / shall＋be＋动词过去分词 A new church will be built in this town next year.明年这个小镇将会新建一座教堂。 含有情态动词 情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词 The work must be finished on time.这项工作必须被按时完成。 2.被动语态的用法 (1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。如：The watch is made in China.这块手表是在中国制造的。 (2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如：More trees must be planted every year。每年必须种更多的树。 (3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者。如：Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。 (4)说话或发表意见时，为了显得客观公正，常用被动语态。常用句型： ①It is said that...据说……如：It is said that we’ll have a new manager.据说我们要有新经理了。 ②It is reported that...据报道……如：It is reported that a traffic accident took place early this morning.据报道今天清晨有车祸发生。 ③It is (well) known that...众所周知……如：It is believed that printing was first invented by the Chinese.一般相信印刷术最早是由中国人发明的。 考点2 常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊结构 1.含有双宾语的句子多把间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。 如：Jack told us the truth.＝We were told the truth by Jack.杰克告诉了我们真相。 2．主动语态中有些感官动词(如：hear，see，watch，notice等)后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，要把不定式符号to还原。即：hear(see)sb.do sth.→sb.be heard(seen)to do sth.。如：We heard the girl play the piano in the music classroom.→The girl was heard to play the piano in the music classroom.我们听见那女孩在音乐教室里弹钢琴。 3．主动语态中有些使役动词(如：make，let，have 等)后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时要把不定式符号to还原。即：make sb.do sth.→sb.be made to do sth.。如：The teacher makes his students do much homework every day.→His students are made to do much homework by the teacher every day.老师让他的学生每天做很多家庭作业。 考点3 主动形式表示被动意义的情况 1.动词open，read，sell，write等作不及物动词，且他们的主语为物时。如：The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好用。 2．某些系动词(smell，look，taste，feel，sound)描述某物特性时。如：This kind of flowers smell sweet.这种花闻起来很香。 3．在need，require，want，worth等后跟动名词，主动形式表示被动意义。如：①His bike need mending.他的自行车需要修一下。②This movie is worth watching.这部电影值得一看。③Your car needs washing.＝Your car needs to be washed.你的汽车该洗了。 4．特殊结构“make oneself heard / understood”和“have /