火龙果溃疡病和茎腐病病原菌的生物学特性测定王会会1符碧海戴.DOC

火龙果溃疡病和茎腐病病原菌的生物学特性测定 王会会1，符碧海，戴俊，王萌，陶挺燕，谢昌平1*，朱朝华1* （1海南大学环境与植物保护学院，海口 570228；2琼海市热带作物服务中心，琼海 571400） 摘要： 为了明确火龙果新病害溃疡病病原菌（Neoscytalidium dimidiatum）和茎腐病病原菌（Fusicoccum sp.）的生物学特性，以便为病害的发生规律研究提供理论依据。 本文测定了不同条件对病原菌菌丝生长的影响。 溃疡病病原菌菌丝在PSA培养基上生长最佳，最适生长温度是32℃，最适pH值为4~5，光照对菌丝生长影响不明显，菌丝对有机碳源葡萄糖和蔗糖的利用效果最好，菌丝对有机氮源硝酸钾的利用效果最好，因此喜好30~35℃、弱酸、富含有机营养基质的环境。火龙果茎腐病病原菌菌丝在PSA培养基上生长最佳，最适生长温度是28℃，最适pH值为4~6，光照有利于菌丝的生长，菌丝对有机碳源蔗糖和有机氮源硝酸盐的利用效果最好，因此病原菌喜好28~32℃、弱酸、光照充足、富含有机营养基质的环境。结果可为火龙果溃疡病和茎腐病的防治提供科学参考。 关键词：火龙果；溃疡病；茎腐病；生物学特性 中图分类号： Biological Characteristics of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum and Fusicoccum sp. Causing Pitaya canker and Stem Rot WANG Hui-hui1，FU Bi-hai，DAI Jun，WANG Meng，XIE Chang-ping1*，ZHU Chao-hua1* (1College of Environmental and Plant Protection，University of Hainan，Haikou 570228；2Service center of tropical crops，Qionghai city 571400) Abstract: To provide a scientific basis for studying the epidemiology of pitaya canker and stem rot in filed,a new disease on pitaya stem and fruit,the biological characteristics of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum and Fusicoccum sp.were tested. This paper studied the effect of different conditions on mycelium growth.Pathogen mycelium of pitaya canker grow best in PSA medium.The optimum temperature was 32℃ and the optimum pH value was 4~5.The effect of light was not significant. The carbon source of glucose and saccharose are most beneficial to the growth of pathogen mycelium.The nitrogen source of potassium nitrate is most beneficial to the growth of pathogen mycelium.It showed that Neoscytalidium dimidiatum was favor to the environment of 30~35℃,weak acid,and enriching in organic nutrition.Pathogen mycelium of pitaya stem rot grow best in PSA medium.The optimum temperature was 28℃ and the optimum pH value was 4~6.Light is beneficial to the growth of pathogen mycelium.Lactose or nitrate are respectively the most optimum carbon or nitrogen source.It showed that Fusicoccum sp. was favor to the environment of 28~32℃,weak acid,full of sunshine and enri