选修7动词不定式与被动语态Unit2-Grammar[1]-2.pptVIP

Grammar;一. 复习被动语态(Revise the Passive Voice) 英语动词有主动语态 （the active voice） 和被动语态（the passive voice）两种形式。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者; 被语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： Everyone enjoys exciting sports. (主动语态) Exciting sports are enjoyed by everyone. (被动语态);Music is being taught ( by Miss Li ) now.;;1. English is spoken all over the world. 2. The water is being turned into vapour. 3. Those rooms have not been cleaned yet. 4. He was seen to enter the room. 5. At that time they were being shown how to run the machine.;6. Radios had just been invented then, and people were talking about sending pictures by electricity. 7. Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer of the element radium. 8. Before you come back, the building will have been finished.;不定式被动式的用法:;e.g. He ordered the bridge to be built within the month. 他命令在月内建成这座桥。(一般被动式) She was glad to have been given so much help. 得到如此多的帮助, 她很高兴。(完成被动式);三. 动词不定式的主动被动结构变化一览表;The meeting to be held is of great importance. (2) The bridge to be built next year is just between the one built last year and the one being built now. (3) This house seems to have been built by a good architect.;通常在believe, suppose, say, report等动词构成 的句子中可以进行主动语态到被动语态以及 被动语态和动词不定式的转换。如：;People believe that he was killed.;二、不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式, 在句中作 主语、宾语、定语, 或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等。 It is a good thing for him to have been criticized. (主语) She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (宾语) He thought it an honor to have been invited to the party. (复合宾语) The book is said to have been translated into many languages. (复合谓语) She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. (定语);三、不定式的主动形式表示被动;3. 在“too…to do; …enough to do”结构中。如： The problem is too difficult to work out/ (to be worked out)． The house is big enough to live in. 4. 在“with +n + to do”结构中。例如： With nothing to do, he lay in bed． With so many exercises to do, I can’t go to the cinema．;5. 当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。如：I have a letter to type