土的形成与工程性质(双语).pptVIP

Chapter 1 The formation of soil and its engineering properties 第一章 土的形成和土的工程性质 2 the soils definition Soils are porous natural materials composed of inorganic and organic matter, soils are the end product from weathering rocks §1-2 The main types of soils  based on the formation process Generally speaking, the engineering properties of soils are much influenced by the varieties of formation process. So in this aspect, it is important for a civil engineer to know the soils types based on formation process. 1 Eluvial soils(残积土) The eluvial soils（residual soils）are the direct products of weathering, they are formed in the place where their mother rocks are located. 2 Slope deposits(坡积物) Qdl The slope deposits are formed from erosion of surface flow along the mountain slope surface . after being carried to the foot of hill by surface flow(面流), where the speed of flow（流速） will slow down and the slack sediments will deposit there. * * 1 the importance Soils are the results of natural geological history, at the same time soils are also the most common materials distributed on the ground surface of the earth crust. The engineering properties of soils have closely relations with the engineering activities of human being. Because of complexities of soils, many engineers have been paid much attention to the study on soils. In some sense, the complexities of soils are mainly from the complexity of formation process of soils and the complexities of soils constitution. In this chapter, We are mainly concerned with the formation, constitution of soils, the classification of soils based on the different formation, since others aspects about soils will be discussed in soils mechanics §1-1 Soil formation 3 the influencing factors of soils formation parent material time climate atmospheric composition topography organisms Features: ● soluble materials have been carried away ● the com