工程制图基础Chapter 8 Threads, Fasteners and Gears.pptVIP

8.1 Thread (螺纹) Threads provide a fast and easy method of fastening parts together, adjusting the position of parts and transmitting power. Engineers must be familiar with threads, since their use is so widely in engineering. For example, thread fasteners, bolt (螺栓), stud (螺柱) and nut (螺母) have threads as shown in Fig.8.1. 1 8.1.1 Helix (螺旋线) The cylindrical helix （圆柱螺旋线） is a space curve generated by a point moving uniformly on the cylindrical surface (Fig.8.2). The point must travel parallel to the axis with constant linear velocity （线速度） while at the same time it is moving with constant angular velocity （角速度） around the axis. The axial distance advanced by the moving point in one revolution （一圈） is called the lead (导程). 2 Fig.8.2 Cylindrical helix. 3 As shown in Fig.8.3 (b), the circle is divided into any number of equal parts, such as 12 parts. Number the divisions from 1 to 12. On the front view of the cylinder, set off the lead and divide it into uniform parts as many as that of the circle. Number the divisions from 10 to 120. Through each division, draw a line perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder, which is called division line. When the generating point has rotated one twelfth around the cylinder, it has also advanced one twelfth of the lead; when halfway around the cylinder, it will have advanced one half the lead; and so on. 4 Fig.8.3 Helix. 5 8.1.2 Thread and thread terms (螺纹术语) A threaded part (螺旋体) is formed by a planer figure like triangle or rectangle moving along helix on a cylinder or cone as shown Fig.8.4. Fig.8.4 A threaded part. 6 The threaded part is known as thread simply. The thread is cut as the tool (刀具) travels parallel to the axis of the revolving work (工件) at a constant speed. The thread machined (加工) on external surface of the revolution is called external thread (Fig.8.5 (a)). The thread machined in internal surface of the revolution is called internal thread (Fig.8.5 (b)). 7 Fig.8.5 Thread. 8 Fig.8.6 Terms. Understanding threads