就近一致原则.ppt

主谓一致的三个原则: 语法一致、就近一致、意义一致 就近一致原则  由or , either …or, neither…nor, not only…but also 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词单复数上保持一致。 Not only he but also I am invited. Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress. 但注意with/along with /together with/including /but/except/like/among/as well as /no more than /besides/rather than +名词 置于主语后，谓语和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。 The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom. (一）谓语动词为单数的情况 1.由and 连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan.那个工人兼作家 　　cf: the worker and the writer are from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家 　? 　Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. 2．every… and (every)…,each …and (each… ,no …and (no)… ,many a …and (many a)…连接两个单数名词作主语。 Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake. 3．one/every one /each/either/ the number+of +复数名词作主语 Each of the students has a book. 4．clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等无生命的集合名词作主语。 Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. 5．以s 结尾的词，但表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语。 maths physics Swiss United states .　 （二）谓语动词为复数的情况 1．由and 连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。 Both bread and butter are sold out. 2．people , police, cattle 等有生命的集体名词作主语。 The police are looking for the missing child. 3．goods, stairs, arms 等名词作主语。 4．由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的专有名词作主语。 The Olympic Games are held once every four years. 5. a number of /quantities of /a group of +名词作主语 6．表示时间、距离、金钱、等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时 　Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown. 7． 由any-,some-,no-和-one,-thing,-body等所构成的不定代词作主语。Anybody,something 8．非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语 　Collecting stamps is what he likes. Whatever was left was taken away. 9. 单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语。 (三) 谓语动词单、复数视情况而定 1．集体名词class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, crew, audience, public , government, majority, group等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个个成员用复数。 His family is a great one. His family are music lovers. 2．means, works, pains等词，根据主语表达的概念而定。 The steel works is near