论尼尔波兹曼的电视文化思想.docVIP

论尼尔波兹曼的电视文化思想 摘 要 尼尔?波兹曼是美国著名的媒介文化批评家。他的电视文化思想在其媒介批 评思想中占重要位置。他主要从媒介的偏向来研究电视文化。 波兹曼认为一切媒介都具有偏向性,电视文化与印刷文化具有不同的特征。 电视文化侵蚀了印刷文化。他以印刷文化为参照,批判电视带来的变化。在他看 来,电视使受众沉溺视觉愉悦,视觉愉悦是电视文化的感官属性,电视文化是一 种直观感性文化,掏空了文化的价值。电视中的新闻、政治、教育等都被娱乐包 装,娱乐已渗透到电视中的一切。电视以图像符号认知现实世界,图像以隐喻的 方式影响公众会话,影响社会文化。波兹曼认为在电视垄断时代,电视已经成为 元媒介,电视在影响公众的认知,垄断知识生产和传播上,取得了神话般的地位。 电视使童年受到伤害,使成人文化受到侵蚀。波兹曼认为教育是抵制电视负面影 响的昀后一道防线,在反思电视文化的同时,他希望通过重塑教育来拯救电视时 代的人,保护传统文化。 波兹曼的电视文化思想一定程度上继承了伊尼斯、麦克卢汉的媒介决定论思 想,同时又特别强调印刷文化的人文与道德价值,强调电视定义现实的强大力量, 却忽视了电视文本的生产性与受众的主体性和创造性,这在一定程度上体现了他 对电视文化的保守态度。 关键词:尼尔?波兹曼;电视文化;娱乐;图像;教育 IAbstract Neil Postman is an American media and cultural critic. In his media criticism thought, the television culture accounted for an important position.He studied the television culture mainly from the media bias Postman thought all medias have bias feature, television culture and print culture have different traits. Television culture had corroded the print culture. He used the print culture for reference, criticised the changes of the television had brought to. He thought, television culture let audience addicted to the visual pleasure, visual pleasure is the sensory attributes of television culture, television culture is a visual and perceptual culture,which had hollowed out the cultural values. In television news, politics, education and so on are all packed by television-entertainment, entertainment has infiltrated into all aspects on television. Television use image symbols recognise the real world, images use concealed way influence the public communication,and affect the social culture. Postman thought in the television monopoly era, television had become to the prime-medium, on influence public awareness and monopoly product and travel of knowledge, had gained mythical status. Television let childhood suffered injuring, let adults cultural suffered erosion. Postman thought education was the last defense line on resisted the television destruction, and when refl