There be句型解析.docVIP

第 PAGE 2 页 共 NUMPAGES 2 页 初中重点语法There be句型全解析 1. 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。 2. 结构： ??????? (1) There is/was +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语. ??????? (2) There are/were +复数名词+地点状语. there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。 eg.? ① There is a bird in the tree.?? 树上有一只鸟。 ? ??② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.? ??? ③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。 3.? There be句型与have的区别： (1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。?? eg.①He has two sons.?? 他有两个儿子。 ?②There are two men in the office.??? 办公室里有两个男人。 (2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。 eg.?A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.? 变脸一：否定句 There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。例如： There are some pictures on the wall. →There arent any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. → There isnt a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree. 变脸二：一般疑问句 There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可，但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。看看下面两句是如何\改头换面\的吧： There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water? 变脸三：特殊疑问句 There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： ① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用Who\s+介词短语?；当主语是物时，用 Whats + 介词短语?。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There are many things over there. →Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room? ② 对地点状语提问：提问地点当然用Where is / are+主语?啦！例如： There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children? ③ 对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构： How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？ How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？