高中英语句子概论.pptVIP

句子成分(Members of a Sentence) 句子的组成成分叫句子成分。 英语的基本成分有七种： 主语（subject） 谓语（predicate）表语（predicative) 宾语（object）、 定语（attribute） 状语(adverbial)、 补语 (complement)。 汉语与英语就句子成分表面上看来差不多，实际上有不少差别。例如： (1) Xiao Li went to bed as soon as he came home. 小李回家后, 立刻就睡觉了。 (2) Ill go when I have had my dinner. 我吃了饭就去。 在英语中，同一个主语在第二次出现时不能省略，必须把每个谓语所陈述的对象都表示出来。而在汉语中，同一个主语在句中第二次出现时，就可以省略。如例（１）中，汉语说小李回家后立刻就睡觉了，省去了第二个分句的主语，倒可以避免造成误解。若将第二次出现的主语补出来，说成小李回家后，他立刻就睡觉了。听的人反而可能把那个他误会成另一个人。 句子的五种基本句型 1 主语 + 谓语（S+Vi) 2 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语(S+V+O) 3 主语 + 系动词 +表语(SVP) 4 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语(SVoO) 5 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(SVOC) 句子按使用目的可分为 1。陈述句 The plane finally landed safely. 2。 疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意） Could you lend me your book? 3。祈使句 Don’t waste food. 4。感叹句 How time flies! 基本句型（从结构上分） 1 简单句：一个主语+一个谓语的句子 2 并列句：两个或多个并列的简单句 I bought my sister a present,but she didn’t like it. 3复合句：一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子 其他常用句型：强调句、倒装句、以为 it 开首的句子等 Exercises:划分句子成分 1.we are working . 2.I can swim very well . 3.The waiter brought a bottle of beer to me . 4.Why does the wind blow . 5.The rain has been pulling down for a whole day . 6.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music . 7.Jim asked you to give his best wishes to everyone . 8.You must get the car ready by tomorrow . 9.I have a lot of clothes to wash . I have a lot of clothes to be washed . 10.He gave his son some advice on reading . 11.Read me the first paragraph . 12.I’ve ordered some soup for you . 13.He began leaning English ten years ago . 14.My being late worried my teacher . 15.That president himself would visit our school excited all of all . 16.April’ Day is the special day of the year when you play a joke on someone . 17.He usually takes a nap after lunch ,as is his habit . 18.I found the book just the same as I borrowed yesterday ,so I got it back at once . 19.He finished lunch and went into the garden . 20.The telephone rang . 21.We study hard . 22.His father might have died . 23.Will