统计学英文教学课件chapter 1(商科)what is statistics.pptVIP

* Why Should You Study Statistics? Statistical techniques are used extensively by managers in: marketing, accounting, quality control, finance, economics, politicians, etc... End of Chapter 1 统计学英文教学课件Chapter 1(商科)What is Statistics教材 谢谢 * Chapter 1What is Statistics? GOALS: Upon successful completion, you should be able to: Define “Business Statistics” Differentiate between the different types of data and levels of measurement Describe key data collection methods Identify common sampling methods Distinguish the different areas of statistics Explain why you study statistics * What is Meant by Statistics? Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making more effective decisions. Tools Techniques DATA Meaningful Information * Types of Data Classified as: Quantitative / Qualitative and Time-Series / Cross-Sectional * Types of Data Quantitative 定量的 Qualitative 定性的 Mathematical 数学的 Categorical 分类的 Age, height, weight, salary, miles per gallon, life of a light bulb Gender, hair color, major, classification, marital status, Likert-style data, zip code, ssn, phone number * Types of Data Time-Series 时间序列 Cross-Sectional 横截面的 Data observed over time Data observed at one point in time Quarter enrollment, weekly sales, daily sales price of a gallon of gas Number of business [act, fin, is, …] majors enrolling this term Stock price of Taco Bell, KFC, Subway at end of day * Levels of Measurement测量 Lowest Highest Nominal 名义上 Ordinal 序数 Interval 区间 Ratio 比率 * Levels of Measurement Nominal Coded data, codes may or may not be a number, NOT mathematical Examples: 1. ACT 2. FIN 3. IS S – Single M – Married D - Divorced * Levels of Measurement Ordinal Data are rank-ordered, order is meaningful, differences between rankings not meaningful Examples: Sports rankings, Earthquake magnitude [Richter scale] * Levels of Measurement Interval Similar to ordinal