初中英语形容词专题讲解.doc

形 容 词 专 讲 一．形容词的概念：形容词是用来修饰或限制名词(或不定代词或疑问代词或疑问副词), 说明人或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性的词. 二．形容词的位置和用法. 形容词在句中主要作定语，表语, 宾语补足语. 有时还可作主语,宾语和状语. (一). 作定语. 修饰或限制名词或不定代词或疑问代词，或疑问副词. a. 前置定语. 形容词修饰或限制名词, 一般放在它所修饰或限制的名词之前. (1). One New Year’s Day, we put on our new clothes.? (2). I want to make some American friends. (3). Liu Sanzi is an eight-year-old boy. (其中eight-year-old叫复合形容词，其构成形式是:“数词+名词+形容词”,中间加连字符). ▲提示: 有的形容词只能作定语(不能作表语), 如：little(小的), only(唯一的), wooden(木质的), woolen(羊毛质的), elder(年长的). 如： (4). My elder brother is in Beijing.(正) My brother is elder. (误) b. 后置定语 1. 形容词修饰或限制不定代词(something, anything, nothing, everything), 常 放在不定代词之后. (5). I have something important to tell you. (6). I don’t want anything else. 2. else修饰或限制疑问代词(who, whom, what等)或疑问副词时，通常放在疑问 代词或疑问副词之后。 (7). What else do you want? (8).Where else are you going to visit? c. enough作定语修饰或限制名词时, 既可放在名词之前, 也可放在名词之后。 (9). Pandas will have enough food to eat.=Pandas will have food enough to eat. (二). 作表语. 放在连系动词之后. 常见的连系动词有四种. a. be动词. (10). Planes will be very large. (11). Running is tiring. b. 感官连系动词: feel(摸起来), look/seem (看起来), smell(闻起来), sound (听起来), taste (尝起来). (12). Cotton feels soft. c. 变化连系动词: become, get, go, grow, turn. 都译作：“变得，成为”. (13). The fish went bad.? (14). Trees turn green when spring comes. d. 持续连系动词：keep, stay (都译作：保持). (15). Please keep silent. (16). Mr Jackson stayed cool. ▲提示：有的形容词只能作表语(不能作定语)，特别是以a-开头的形容词，如：afraid害怕, alone 独自的, asleep睡着的, awake醒着的，alive活着的(有时可作后置定语), well健康的, ill病的, frightened害怕的. 如： (17). The man is ill. (正) The ill man is my uncle.(误) (三). 作宾语补足语, 常放在宾语的后面，用来补充说明宾语的性质, 特征或状态。 (18).We paint doors and windows red. (19). His waltses made him famous all over Europe. (20). What made you so interested in music? (四). 作主语或宾语. (1). 形容词前加定冠词the, 表示某一类人或物. 在句中作主语或宾语, 作主语时, 谓语动词要用复数. 如：the old, the young, the rich, the poor, the blind等.(21). The rich should help the poor. (2). 表示国家和民族的形容词前加上定冠词the