合成氨变换工艺设计.doc

武汉工程大学本科毕业设计 PAGE I PAGE I 70ktNH3/a NH3变换工段工艺设计 摘 要 变换工序是合成氨中最重要的工序之一，在合成氨工艺的流程中起着非常重要的作用。所谓变换就是将半水煤气中的CO在催化剂的作用下与水蒸汽反应转化为CO2和H2，CO变换既是原料气的净化过程，又是原料气造气的继续。 本次设计为110 kt/a合成氨变换工段的工艺设计，采用全低变的工艺流程。根据有关文献资料，完成物料、热量的计算。并对第一变换炉、第二变换炉、煤气换热器以及变换气换热器等主要设备进行选型计算。并做出了合成氨变换工段全低变的工艺流程图和设备布置图。 经过设计计算，确定了第一变换炉和第二变换炉催化剂床层直径分别为3.2 m和5.0 m，均选用B302Q型催化剂。换热器选用双管程单壳程式，管径φ28×2.5 mm，管长4.8 m，管数1913根，传热面积571.30m2。该设计结果基本能够满足本次设计任务要求，工艺流程可行，设备选型合理，具有一定的工程应用价值。 关键词：合成氨；变换工段；全低变；热量衡算；物料衡算 . Abstract Transform processes is one of the most important processes, and it plays a very important role in the industry of synthetic ammonia.The transformation of CO is that the semi-water gas and water vapor are converted to CO２ and H２ in the role of a catalyst reaction, which is both raw gas purification process, but also a continuation of the raw gas . The task is the design of shift process in 110 kt/a NH3. The low-temperature shift technology was adopted in this calculation.According to the relevant cultural heritage data, complete the calculation of material, calories. Furthermore, the size and type of the equipments were determined such as heat exchanger, shift converter, etc.Also do to synthesize an all of the ammonia transformation work segment low craft flow chart and equipments changing set out diagram. The design calculations showed that the diameter of the first and second shift converter catalyst bed were 3.2 m and 5.0 m, respectively. The heat exchangers of gas was consisted of the double-tube and single shell construction with 1913pipes ,φ28×2.5 diameter, 4.8 meters of tube length and 571.30 m2 heat transfer area. The results meet the requirements of the design task well. The process is feasible and the selected equipments is reasonable. The design can guide industrial applications. Keywords: Synthetic ammonia;Conversion section;Total-low process;Heat balance;Material balance 武汉工程大学本科毕业设计 目 录 TO