英美文学考试题型及复习提纲.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 2 英美文学考试题型及复习提纲（2008级） 一、考试题型： 本次考试共有5个大题，总分为100分，考试方式为闭卷考试，考试时长为120分钟，具体分值分布如下： I．选择题，20个小题，每小题2分，共40分。考试内容为文学综合知识。 II.连线题，10个小题，每小题1分，共10分。考试内容为作家与作品。 III.名词解释。1. Puritanism 2. Free Verse. 3. American Naturalism 3个小题，每小题5分，共15分。考试的内容为文学术语。 IV. 篇章阅读。3个小题，每小题5分，共15分。考试的内容：作品。 1. Song of Myself 2. I heard a Fly buzz -- when I died -- 3.The Road Not Taken V. 短文写作。一个小题，满分20分，考试的目标是对所学的作品进行赏析与评论。 二、考试总目标: 考察学生英美文学的基本理论知识和理解、鉴赏英美文学原著的能力，分析作品的艺术特色的能力、正确评价文学作品的标准和方法，以及阅读文学作品的能力和鉴赏水平。 三、美国文学本学期授课基本内容 （请结合授课讲义PPT，lecture 1-11） Part one: The early American literature 1. American Puritanism（清教主义） ⑴ Puritans=Calvinists(加尔文主义) 1. John Calvin, a theologian, Puritans believed most doctrines preached by him, so they were also called Calvinists Puritans wanted to “purify the church” to its original state, because they thought the church was corrupted and had too many rituals To be a Puritan: taking religion as the most important thing; living for glorifying God; believing predestination（命运天定）, original sin(原罪，人生下来就是有罪的，因为人类的祖先亚当和夏娃是有罪的), total depravity(人类是完全堕落的，所以人要处处小心自己的行为，要尽可能做到最好以取悦上帝), limited atonement (有限救赎，只有被上帝选中的人才能得到上帝的拯救) Life style of Puritans: pious（虔诚的）, austerity（简朴） of taste, diligence and thrift, rigid sense of morality, self-reliance The Puritan dominating values were: hard work， thrift， piety ，sobriety。 2. Philip Freneau （佛瑞诺）(1752-1832) He was the most important poet in the 18th century. He was entitled “Father of American Poetry”. He wrote lots of poems supporting American Revolution and human liberty. His poems presented Romantic spirits but his form was mainly influenced by Classicism. Most famous poems: “The Indian Burying Ground”《垂死的印第安人》 and “The 重点把握：Wild Honey Suckle”《野地里的忍冬花》 3. Benjamin Franklin 2. His works: 1) Poor Richard’s Almanac《穷理查德历书》 2) Autobiography《自传》 Part two: The Age of Romanticism I. Romanticism: The Romantic Period, one of the most important periods in the history of American literature, stretches f