第三章 名词和冠词的翻译.pptVIP

第三章 名词和冠词的翻译 名词的增译 一、抽象名词后增译名词，使之更符合汉语习惯。 e.g. Depressing pumps provides an ideal for chemical applications. 压缩泵是化工应用的理想(设备)。 二、具体名词后增译名词。 e.g. This is “good” ozone because it protects us from the sun’s UV rays. 这是良性臭氧，因为它保护我们免遭太阳紫外线(的伤害)。 练习： 1. Metals differ in the ease with which they give up electrons and enter into chemical combination. 金属放出电子和参与化学反应的难易(程度)不一。 2. The comparison reveals that the error is due to aliasing. 比较(结果)表明，误差是由于名称不同造成的。 名词的转译（译成其他词性的词） 如： The two sides made no mention of the mode of transportation in their talk. 双方在商谈中没提到运输方式。（名词译为动词） -We have discussed the passage of an electric current through liquid solutions of acids, bases, and salts. 我们已经讨论了电流通过酸、碱、盐溶液的情况。（名词译为动词） -Disposing of the “ash” is an necessity for these reactors. 对这些反应堆来说，处置“灰渣”是必要的。（名词译为形容词） 练习： 1. Air travel has become faster and faster, but sometimes there is a need for traveling slowly and even for stopping in mid air. 空中飞行变得越来越快，但有时也需要飞得很慢，甚至停在半空。 2. My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable. 我的观点是这一代人经常抱怨下一代人是不可避免的。 3. The experiment was a success. 这个试验是成功的。 4. Physical changes do not result in formation of new substances, nor do they involve a change in composition. 物理变化不生成新物质，也不改变物质的成分。 冠词的译法 一、不定冠词一般译为“一”，当表示类别时常常省译，如： Mercury is also a metal, although it is in the liquid state. 汞也是金属，尽管它是液态的。 二、具有“某个”、“某一”含义时，译为“一…”需加上不同的量词 Energy can be transformed form a form into another one. There is an electronic microscope in our institute. 三、具有数字概念，表示数量译为“一” A calorie is defined as the quantity of heat required at one atmosphere to raise the temperature of on gram of water through 10C. An ohm is a volt per ampere. 四、表示单位，相当于per,译为“每” The speed of this electric machine is 3000 rotations a minute. The clock gains five seconds a day. 五、表示“同一” These electronic computers come out form a factory. 定冠词的翻译 定冠词一般可译为“该”，“这（个）”等，当表类别时常省译，如： -Both the instruments are good in quality. 这两台仪器的质量都很好。 -The voltage