东南大学研究生专业英语试卷（2006）.docVIP

2006年硕士研究生专业英语考试卷 Part 1 Translation (60 minutes) (60%) Section A: Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese (30 minutes) (30%) Business competition used to be a lot like traditional theater: on stage, the actors had clearly defined roles, and the customers paid for their tickets, sat back, and watched passively. In business, companies, distributors, and suppliers understood and adhered to their well-defined roles in a corporate relationship. Now the scene has changed, and business competition seems more like the experimental theater of the 1960s and 1970s: everyone and anyone can be part of the action. The companies we studied have found out how to make that leap again and again (which is the second big thing we learned). We call their approach the knowledge-brokering cycle, it is made up of four intertwined work practices: capturing good ideas, keeping ideas alive, imagining new uses for old ideas, and putting promising concepts to the test. We will show how innovators execute this strategy and what other companies can learn from them about innovation. Reengineering is about the structured coordination of people and information. Its top-down. It assumes that its easy to codify value creation. And it assumes that organizations compete in a predictable environment. Knowledge management focuses on effectiveness more than efficiency. Its bottom up. It assumes that managers can best foster knowledge by responding to the inventive, improvisational ways people actually get things done. It assumes that value-creating activities are not easy to pin down. And it assumes that organizations compete in an unpredictable environment. Section B: Translate the following paragraphs into English (30 minutes) (30%) 互联网是一项极其重要的新技术，它得到企业家、经理人、投资者和商业观察者的广泛关注不足为奇。许多钟情于互联网的人认为互联网改变了一切，废除了企业竞争的所有陈旧规则。这种反应也许是自然的，但却是相当危险的。 在一个高度关联的世界中，网络信息的位置及其流动将直接影响到公司组织员工、销售产品、处理信息以及与合作伙伴工作的方式。“网络就是计算机，”太阳微系统公司这样断然宣称。我们会更进一步地说：“网络就是经济”。 Part 2 Reading Comprehension and Writing (60 minutes) (