英语词汇学辅导资料1 - chapter 1 and 2.pptVIP

* 2.5 Modes of vocabulary development(126-136/p.) Creation（completely new coinages） The formation of new words through word-formation processes by using the existing materials, namely roots, affixes and other elements. In modern English, this is the most important way of vocabulary expansion. Semantic change An old form takes on a new meaning to meet new need--economic way of creating new words Borrowing Borrowed words constitute six to seven percent of all new words. Analogy The form of a word is changed or derived because of another word that is like it. * 2.6 The characteristics of basic word stock and borrowed words (39-43/p.; 57-58/p.) The characteristics of the basic word stock: (1) all national character (2) stability (3) productivity (4) polysemy (5) collocability The characteristics of the borrowed words: (1) Aliens; (2) Denizens; (3) Translation-loans; (4) Semantic borrowings. * Reviewing and questions type phase foreign elements inflection (word form) Old English ( ) Homogeneous A period of: Middle English ( ) leveled L A period of leveled endings Modern English (1500- now) Heterogeneous A period of lost endings 450-1150 1150-1500 typology Synthetic L Analytic L Germanic French, Latin Greek, Latin, French, etc. Full inflectional endings * Reviewing and questions Neologisms may change into old words (archaisms) or come into use till today, what’s the reasons? What’s the sources of English vocabulary, and which do you think is most important ? why? What’s the classical elements of English vocabulary and their influence unpon English vocabulary? Account for the popularity of English in the present world from a linguistic perspective. * Reviewing and questions 5. Among the modes of vocabulary development, which do you think is the most important one? And which is the most economic one? 6. According to its origin, English vocabulary can be made up of basic word stor