东南大学2007研究生专业英语试卷.docVIP

2007年硕士研究生专业英语考试卷 Part 1 Translation (60 minutes) (60%) Section A: Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese (30 minutes) (30%) Managers advancing into the fog of the future tend to either cling to the fiction of prediction despite limited visibility or veer to the other extreme, relying on good luck and hustle and hoping for the best. Neither extreme is effective or necessary. Indeed, a careful examination of volatile markets over time reveals recurrent patterns. Understanding these patterns can help executives navigate a foggy future. It was only when the company began to look at customer information in a more holistic fashion - gathering, consolidating, and analyzing all of its customer interaction information in a single pool - that it was able to correct such inefficiencies. Now everyone who is delayed for, say, nine hours gets the same compensation, and when a gate agent hands a passenger a flight voucher, that transaction is reflected immediately in the customer information database. The passenger will be denied a second voucher even if he gets to a phone within a few seconds. An even bigger problem is getting past correlations in the data to be able to argue causality. If a researcher finds that highly successful companies tend to have formal knowledge management initiatives, for example, does that mean that explicit management of knowledge is a key to success? Or does it mean that knowledge management is the kind of organizational boondoggle that only a company flush with cash indulges in? Making the argument for causality in one direction or the other requires not only a sufficient data set but also a rational model for how the observed phenomena relate to known outcomes. Section B: Translate the following paragraphs into English (30 minutes) (30%) 任何决策都无法回避风险。在人们的日常生活中，大多数决定的风险都很小。但对企业而言，决策所产生的影响（无论是正面还是负面）可能是极其巨大的。即便是人们津津乐道（实际上极为罕见）的“双赢”局面，也因为放弃了其他选择而必须付出机会成本。 抛出有创意的点子并不难，难的是让陌生人接受它们。屡见不鲜的是：创业者、销售主管和营销经理们常常花费很多力气，想展示自己的新商业计划或者新概念是多么切实可行、利润丰厚，结果却总被公