高中英语创新方案外研版必修1：Unit 4 Section 3课时达标训练 含答案.docVIP

　　　[语法初识] 原句感知 自主探究 ①Its been six years since we last saw each other, you know. ②And this is first time Ive visited your hometown. ③Ive seen quite a lot of China and Ive visited some beautiful cities. ④But this is one of the most attractive places Ive been to. ⑤Theyve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently. ⑥My wifes just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there. ⑦In the past few years, a lot of people have flooded into big cities. ⑧The boy has been away from home for two years. ⑨He has gone to the Great Wall. 1.现在完成时的构成是：have/has＋过去分词。 2．从①⑤⑥⑦⑧句中可看出与现在完成时连用的时间状语常见的有：in_the_past_few_years;_recently;_for_two_years;_since引导的从句；just。 3．由④⑨句可知：have/has_been_to表示“曾经去过(某地)”；have/has_gone_to表示“已经去了(某地)”。 [语法剖析] 语法点一 现在完成时的构成 基本形式：have/has＋动词的过去分词 否定形式：have/has＋not＋动词的过去分词 被动形式：have/has＋been＋动词的过去分词 语法点二 现在完成时的用法 1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与recently, before, so far, up to now, till now, in the past/last years, these days等时间状语连用。 —I hope I can see you at my wedding ceremony. —Oh, dear, I almost have forgotten.When is it? ——我希望在我的结婚典礼上能看到你。 ——哦，天呐！我差点忘了。什么时候举行？ —Mum, wheres my packed lunch? —In the kitchen.I have made you two sandwiches. ——妈妈，我打包的午餐在哪里？ ——在厨房。我给你做了两个三明治。 2．表示动作或状态过去已经开始，持续到现在(可能还会继续进行下去)。常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，如for＋一段时间，since＋过去时间点，since then, ever since等；或与现在时刻相连的时间状语连用，如up to now，so far等。 Everyone in our office thinks youve made great progress in the past two years. 我们办公室的每个人都认为你在过去两年进步很大。 It has rained every day so far this month. I cant tell you if it will rain tomorrow. 这个月到目前为止天天都下雨，我无法告诉你明天是否还会下雨。 3．在时间、条件状语从句中代替将来完成时表示将来完成的动作。 Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. 直到公交车停下了你才下车。 [名师点津]　在肯定句中，非延续性动词如come, go, leave, borrow, buy, die, join等的完成时不能与时间段连用，若要接时间段状语，则应换成相应的延续性动词或状态动词。但在否定句中，非延续性动词的完成时可与时间段连用。 I have bought a new car. 我买了辆新车。 I have bought a new car for two weeks.(×) I have had a new car for two weeks.(√) 我买了这辆新车已经两周了。 He has left. 他走了。 He has been away for an hour. 他走了一个小时了。 He has not borrowed the book since then. 从那以后，他再也没有借这