Module 8 PARETO CHART 模块8帕累托图.pdfVIP

Basic Tools for Process Improvement Module 8 PARETO CHART PARETO CHART 1 Basic Tools for Process Improvement What is a Pareto Chart? A Pareto Chart is “a series of bars whose heights reflect the frequency or impact of problems. The bars are arranged in descending order of height from left to right. This means the categories represented by the tall bars on the left are relatively more significant than those on the right” [Ref. 5]. The chart gets its name from the Pareto Principle, which postulates that 80 percent of the trouble comes from 20 percent of the problems. Viewgraph 1 highlights the elements of this definition. Why should teams use Pareto Charts? You can think of the benefits of using Pareto Charts in economic terms (Viewgraph 2). “A Pareto Chart breaks a big problem into smaller pieces (and) identifies the biggest contributors. . . (It can) help us get the most improvement with the resources available by showing where to focus efforts in order to maximize achievements. The Pareto Principle states that a small number of causes accounts for most of the problems. Focusing efforts on the ‘vital few’ causes is usually a better use of valuable resources” [Ref. 1a]. When should we use a Pareto Chart? A Pareto Chart is a good tool to use when the process you are investigating produces data that are broken down into categories and you can count the number of times each category occurs. No matter where you are in your process improvement efforts, Pareto Charts can be helpful, “. . . early on to identify which problem should be studied, later to narrow down which causes of the problem to address first. Since they draw everyones attention to the ‘vital few’ important factors where the payback is likely to be greatest, (they) can be used to build consensus. In general, teams should focus t