《新编英语语法教程》 4-5讲.pptVIP

Lecture 4 Noun and Noun Phrase  p.p. 39--52 Introduction The noun phrase is a phrase with a noun as its head. It is the noun head that determines the way the noun phrase is organized. 名词词组的结构 （限定词）+（前置修饰语）+ 名词 +（后置修饰语） a most lovely little boy in red at play a most lovely little boy living next door a most lovely little boy whose mother is a doctor I. Classification of nouns and function of noun phrases 1. Classification on nouns (p. 39) 类 别 定 义 例 词 按 构 词 法 简单名词 包含一个自由词素的名词 man, chair, land, ship 复合名词 由两个或两个以上自由词 armchair, farmland, 素合成的名词 seaside, roommate 派生名词 由动词、形容词、简单 arrangement, expectation, 名词+词缀构成的名词 ability, greatness 按 词 汇 意 义 普 通 名 词 个体名词 集体名词 物质名词 抽象名词 表示同一类人或物，以及抽象概念的名词 boy, house, tiger family, team, cattle, police air, snow, bread, rice glory, honesty, education 专有名词 表示人、国家、地方、机构、组织等的专有名称 Ander, China, The People’s Congress, the New York Times, the Democratic Party 按语法特征 可数名词 单数式 复数式 可以计数的个体名词和集体名词，称为可数名词 a car, a family two cars, many families 不可数名词 物质名词、抽象名词、和专有名词通常是不可计数的名词 sand, water, coffee, failure, knowledge 个体名词 可数名词 普通名词 集体名词 物质名词 不可数名词 抽象名词 专有名词 2. Function of noun phrases (p. 40) （1）主语 Children at play seldom remember what time it is. (2) 主语补足语 That was an attractive little black chair. My grandfather died a martyr to his revolutionary ideal. （3）宾语 They gave him a fir