中科院研究生课程GIS基础课件第7章数字地面模型.pptVIP

坡度、坡向分析 Horn 算法 The actual algorithm that is used to calculate slope is: rise_run = SQRT(SQR(dz/dx)+SQR(dz/dy)) degree_slope = ATAN(rise_run) * 57.29578 degree_aspect = ATAN((dz/dy)/(dz/dx)) * 57.29578 where the deltas are calculated using a 3x3 roving window. a through i represent the z_values in the window: a b c d e f g h i (dz/dx) = ((a + 2d + g) - (c + 2f + i)) / (8 * x_mesh_spacing) (dz/dy) = ((a + 2b + c) - (g + 2h + i)) / (8 * y_mesh_spacing) 根据相邻网格点上的坡度和坡向之间的逻辑关系，可以判断坡形的凹凸变化情况，确定沟谷线、山脊和鞍部的位置，划分流域范围。 三、地面形态的计算  1）谷点 满足下面4个条件 ( Zi,j-1 - Zi,j )* ( Zi,j+1 - Zi,j) 0 AND