高中英语复习 现在分词 present participle-如何作定语.pptVIP

现在分词 present participle ----如何作定语 安徽省明光中学 - -陈晨 现在分词 present participle ---如何作定语 安徽省明光中学 陈晨 The trip is exciting! The girl sitting by the window is my daughter. ? 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 功能 The trip is exciting. The girl sitting by the window is my daughter. The little girl went upstairs trailing his teddy bear behind her. Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? A:?单独作定语，应放在被修饰的名词之前，如： touching story / coming week / boiling water Barking dogs seldom bite. 注：分词作定语时，意义上接近于一个定语从句，如： developing countries = countries that are developing a growing city = a city that is growing B: 在更多情况下，可以用分词短语作定语，这时分词短语应放在被修饰的名词之后，在意义上也相当于一个定语从句，如： Who is the man standing (= that is standing) by the door? They built a highway leading (= which leads) into the mountains. C: 作定语的现在分词所表示的动作发生的时间有两种情况： a. 表示正在进行的动作, (变为从句时要用进行时态), 如： Tell the children playing there (who are playing there) not to make so much noise. Did you see the man talking (who was talking) to the manager? b. 表示经常性的动作, 或现在 (或当时) 的状态, (变为从句时, 用一般时态), 如： They lived in a room facing (= that faced) the south. The house standing (= that stands) at the corner of the street was built in 1955. 注①：如果所表示的动作现在正在发生，或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，可以用现在分词的被动形式来表示，如： The meeting being held is very important. We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here. ②本节值得注意的问题：现在分词短语作定语时，所表示的动作不能先于谓语所表示的动作，也不可以表示将来。另外，一般不用现在分词的完成式作定语，所以，下列句子都是错的： Here is Mr. Li coming from Beijing. (应改为who has come from Beijing) Those having finished their work can go home now. (应改为who have finished) D: 系动词的现在分词形式不可用作后置定语，此时要用从句来表示，如： Those being busy don’t have to go. (应改为Those who are busy don’t have to go.) His brother being a PLA man is 18 years old. (应改为who is a PLA man)