女性尿道综合征.pptVIP

Female Urethral SyndromeFUS yangfei * DEFINITION In 1945, the distinguished American physician Richard Cabot was quoted as having stated that “any pain within two feet of the female urethra for which one cannot find an adequate explanation should be suspected of coming from the female urethra” ( Charlton, 1986 ). “在女性尿道周围二英尺范围内的任何无法解释的疼痛都应考虑到是否来自于尿道的可能”。 * The term urethral syndrome was first mentioned in a clinicopathologic study of the female urethra in 1949 . It appeared in the British literature in 1965 when a group of New Zealand physicians used it to describe the 50% of their female patients with urinary symptoms without demonstrable infection. * Clinical Manifestation FUS is a very nonspecific constellation of symptoms including urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, and suprapubic discomfort without any objective findings of urologic abnormality to account for the symptoms.(尿道综合症临床表现为包括尿频、尿急、排尿障碍以及耻骨上区不适等一系列的症候群，且缺乏相关病理证据) Although the symptoms are typically thought to occur in women, there is no reason to assume that a similar entity does not occur in men(其常见于女性患者，但也不能排除在男性患者中的存在) * Classification The urethral syndrome has been subdivided into an acute and a chronic condition. * acute urethral syndrome implying as it does a mysterious cause and a urethral origin of the malady, has largely been abandoned in favor of identifiable etiologic diagnoses. many of which are found in the chapters on urinary tract infection and STD. Only a relatively small percentage of patients with acute urethral syndrome are found on investigation to have no cause for the symptoms. It would be more accurate to categorize this group of patients by their symptoms than to give them a diagnosis of “acute urethral syndrome,” which ultimately communicates little about the disorder. * chronic urethral syndrome Those patients with chronic symptoms and with no apparent cause constitute the chronic urethral syndrome category. This phantom diagnosis is one of exclusion and is rarely