中巴公路奥布段泥石流活动性分析.pdf

中巴公路奥布段泥石流活动性分析 魏学利 (新疆维吾尔自治区交通规划勘察设计研究院，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830006) 摘要：中巴公路奥布段泥石流发育且类型复杂，对公路运行危害严重。本文通过对公路沿线泥石流沟谷纵 剖面形态分析的基础上，揭示其形态指数特征和活动程度，并从区域地形、地质、气象等因素探讨泥石流 活动差异成因。研究发现：公路沿线泥石流类型主要包括降雨型和冰川型，降雨型泥石流为26 条，冰川型 为27 条。其中冰川型泥石流活动性强烈，大部分沟谷形态呈下凹状，形态指数N≥1 的沟谷占到冰川型总 数的81%；降雨型泥石流活动性相对较弱，沟谷形态多呈上凸状，形态指数N≥1 的沟谷占其总数的50%。 研究区大落差地形梯度、不同物源供给形式和主河道侵蚀淤积变化对公路沿线泥石流的发育和活动具有重 要影响，是造成现今泥石流活动性差异的主要原因。研究结果可为公路沿线泥石流预测和防治提供指导。 关键词：中巴公路；泥石流；盖孜河；剖面形态；活动性 Activity analysis of debris flow along the Ao-bu section of Sino-Pakistan Highway Wei Xueli （Academy of Transportation planning Surveying and design in Xinjiang, Urumqi 830006) Abstract: Debris flows of the Sino-Pakistan Highway have developed with complex types, brought give serious damage to highway security. based on morphological analysisof debris flow gully profiles along the highway, the papermainly reveals the morphological characteristics and activity level, and further discusses the causes of their activity difference from regional geology, topography and meteorological factors. The study found that the major types of debris flows along the highway can be divided into rainfall and glacier types, including 26 gullies of rainfall type and 27 gullies belonging to glacier type. Glacier type debris flow activity is powerful, and most of gully shapes are the concave parabolas, among which the ratio of glacial debris flow shape index N≥1 accounts for 81% of the whole glacier gullies.the activity of rainfall type is weak with convex parabolas of most gully guiies, and the ratio of rainfall debris flow shape index N ≥1 accounts for 50% . A big gap between the terrain gradient in the region, different material supply form and the river ’s main channel erosion sedimentation make an important influence of debris flow together, and they decided the debris flows’ activity characterist