辽宁省沈阳市第二十一中学高中英语Module3MusicGrammar课件外研版必修2.ppt

* Module 3 Music Adverbial clause of time 状语从句 状语从句在句中起状语作用，修饰主句的谓语动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。 状语从句按用途可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句和方式状语从句。 when, while与as引导的时间状语从句 1. when可指一段时间，也可指某个具体时间，所以when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。它所引导从句的动作可以与主句的动作同时发生、先于或者后于发生。如： When she finished her homework, she went to the supermarket with her friend. When he got to the station, the train had already left. When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him. 注意：主句为将来时的时间状语从句，常用when来引导，时间状语从句用现在时表示将来时。如： When the president comes here for a visit next month, I’ll give the welcome speech. 2. while只能表示持续性的动作或状态，不能表示暂时性或短暂性的动作。所以while往往与延续性动词连用，不与瞬间动词连用，且谓语动作通常与主句的谓语动作同时发生。如： While I’m running, I’m thinking about all sorts of things about my future. While my mom was cooking in the kitchen, I was watching the latest movie in my room. 3. as表示“随着……；一边……，一边……”。当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。 as所表示的动作具有延续的含义，一般同延续性动词连用，通常是和主句的谓语动作同时发生，不可以在主句的谓语动词的之前或者之后。如： As he grew older, he began to go deaf. 4. when, while与as可通用的情况 when, while与as都表示主、从句的动作或状态同时发生，当从句中的谓语动词为持续性动词时，这三者可以互相通用。如： When / While / As the teacher was discussing the topic with us, the headmaster came in. after, before与by引导的时间状语从句 after所引导的从句通常发生在主句的动作之前，如果主句用过去时，那么从句的句子动作就要用过去完成时，以便体现动作发生的先后。 before引导的从句的动作通常发生在主句动作之后，如果从句是过去时，主句一般要用过去完成时。如： After we had finished the work, we went home. Thousands of teenagers had already got there before the superstar arrived. 2. “by +时间名词”意思是“到……时为止，在……时之前”。例如， by the time引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词如果用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时； by the time引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词如果用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。例如： By the time you came back, I had finished this book. By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. 1. ______ it was performed in America, there was an audience of 100,000 people. 2. _____ he was very young, Mozart had a lot of musical talent. 3. ______ he was still a teenager, he was a big star. 4. ______ he grew older, he began to go deaf. When When While