英语词汇学章课件.ppt

英语词汇学1-6章2;The 3 basic elements of English: ;Lexicology: a branch of Linguistics which studies the origins and meanings of words. To be specific, they include aspects like the formal and semantic structure, semantic relationships, word formation and usage, the historical development and evolution of words, etc.; It has something to do with the following subjects:;Aims and Significance of the Course:;To foster the ability to use “the right word”. As a saying goes, “Right words in right places makes a good writing”.;To have a better awareness of language (English).;To get a deeper understanding of the culture of foreign countries. To sum up, English Lexicology is a theoretically-oriented course as well as as a practical one. What is a word? Please think by yourselves and give the definition of your own. The minimal free form of a language, which has a given sound, meaning and syntactic function.;What Does Vocabulary Refer To?;Classification of English words; Basic Word Stock: A. All national character Words that are commonly used. B. Stability ( relatively speaking) Have been in use for centuries. Some disappeared but many more are created. ;C. Productivity(can form new words) D. Polysemy (various meanings, “book”; “man”: to man a dove) E. Collocability( form idioms, proverbs) ;Non-basic Words:;Content Words and Functional words;Lecture 2;1) Old English vocabulary(450—1150 AD) After Romans, 3 Germanic tribes called Angles, Saxons and Jutes controlled England. Their language—Anglo-Saxon also dominated the land. Common practice: combine 2 native words to create new words. It was a highly inflected language with about 50000-60000 words.;In the 9th century, some Norwegians and Danish invaded England, which brought some Scandinavian words such as: skirt, window, skill, birth, egg”,etc.;3) Modern English (1500now) 2 sub-periods can be divided: Early Modern English(1500-1700) Because of the Renaissance, many Latin and Greek words entered English and English began