原创力文档 Acute abscess: the cavity (fluid in cavity) and the surrounding consolidation Chronic abscess: the cavity and the surrounding consolidation Chronic abscess: the cavity and the surrounding consolidation Chronic abscess: the cavity and the surrounding consolidation Tuberculosis of the lung Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that may affect any organ but shows a marked predilection for the lungs. Nowadays better standards of living and hygiene have sharply reduced the incidence of tuberculosis. Despite recent advances in therapy and careful public health measures, TB remains a problem in the large reservoir of elderly patients who have previously been infected with tubercle bacilli and in the urban poor who continue to be exposed to tubercle bacilli. Tuberculosis of the lung The main factor determining whether tuberculosis infection progresses to disease is the immune competence of the individual. The disease is most commonly found in persons whose immune status is compromised by old age, alcohol abuse, diabetes, steroid therapy, or AIDS. Tuberculosis of the lung Tuberculosis is classically divided into (Ⅰ) primary tuberculosis. (Ⅱ) hematogenous tuberculosis. (Ⅲ) postprimary tuberculosis. (Ⅳ) tuberculous pleurisy . (Ⅴ) extraplumonary tuberculosis. primary tuberculosis Most cases of primary tuberculosis due to inhale the tubercle bacilli. It is commonly seen in children or adolescents. The infection spreads from the initial focus in the lung to the regional and mediastinal lymph nodes by way of the lymphatic channels. Inhaled tubercle bacilli initially evoke a focal, nonspecific subpleural alveolitis that converts to a tuberculosis-specific inflammatory focus(Ghon focus) in about 10 days. Spread of tubercle via the lumphatics leads to a specific hilar lymphadenitis. The combination of the primary pulmonary focus, lymphangitis and lymphadenitis is known as the primary complex. primary tuberculosis The Ghon focus is a circumscribed, small, peripheral consolid
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