《自增韧氮化硅陶瓷的制备与性能研究》【毕业设计论文】.docVIP

南京工业大学学士学位(本科毕业)论文 摘要 PAGE IV PAGE V 自增韧氮化硅陶瓷的制备与性能研究 摘 要 氮化硅陶瓷具有优异的物理机械性能和化学性能,被广泛利用于高温、化工、冶金、航空航天等领域。在结构陶瓷中氮化硅陶瓷虽具有相对较高的断裂韧性，但为了进一步拓宽氮化硅陶瓷的运用领域和提高其使用可靠性，改善其断裂韧性一直是该材料研究的重要课题。 本文通过利用氮化硅陶瓷的自增韧技术，使用复合烧结助剂和在氮化硅基体中添加长柱状β-Si3N4晶种，制备高断裂韧性的氮化硅陶瓷。采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、阿基米德法、三点抗弯曲强度、单边切口梁法等测试方法对陶瓷的组成、显微结构、显气孔率以及抗弯强度和断裂韧性等进行了分析与表征。 首先研究了无压烧结制备氮化硅陶瓷过程中，烧结助剂（Y2O3和Al2O3）对其烧结性能和力学性能的影响，当Y2O3含量8wt%，Al2O3含量4wt%时，氮化硅陶瓷的相对密度达95%以上，抗弯强度为674MPa，断裂韧性为6.34MPa·m1/2。再通过引入La2O3提高氮化硅晶粒的长径比，使氮化硅陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到686MPa和7.42MPa·m1/2。 本文通过无压烧结工艺，在1750℃制备了长柱状的β-Si3N4晶种，晶种的平均长度为2.82um,平均粒径为0.6um,平均长径比为4.7。着重研究了晶种对氮化硅陶瓷烧结性能和力学性能的影响。氮化硅陶瓷中加入晶种后，其烧结性能和抗弯强度略有降低，但断裂韧得到了很大的提高；且随着晶种添加量的增加，断裂韧性先升高再降低，掺量2wt%时断裂韧性达到最大（7.68MPa·m1/2），提高了20%以上。 关键词：Si3N4陶瓷 烧结助剂 β-Si3N4晶种 长径比 断裂韧性 Abstract Silicon nitride ceramics, which possess excellent physical mechanical properties and chemical properties, were widely used in high-temperature industrial, chemicals, metallurgy, aerospace application and other field. Silicon nitride ceramics have the relatively high fracture toughness in the structural ceramics, but in order to further broadening application fields and improving the using reliability of ceramics, the increasing of fracture toughness was always the important problems in the study of the material. This work prepared high fracture toughness Si3N4 ceramics by addition of composite sintering additives and elongated β-Si3N4 seeds，which was called “self-reinforced” of Silicon nitride ceramics. Phase composition, microstructures, open-porosity, fracture toughness and flexural strength were tested by using XRD, SEM, Archinmedes, SENB and three-point bending test. At first, the effect of sintering additives (Y2O3 and Al2O3) on the sintering properties and mechanical properties was investigated by pressureless sintering. The experimental results showed that silicon nitride ceramics can achieve good mechanical properties, the relative density of Si3N4 ceramics was more than 95%, flexural strength of 674MPa and fracture toug