《苎麻纤维降解工艺》【毕业设计论文】.docVIP

精品 苎麻纤维酸法降解工艺研究 摘 要 本文讨论了苎麻纤维经浓酸水解工艺的优化方案。通过实验确定最适宜的预处理方法，为水解打下良好基础；分别用无机酸、有机酸及混合酸进行水解实验，改变水解工艺条件——包括酸浓度、反应温度、反应时间及液固比，测量并计算水解率，讨论各因素对结果的影响，确定最优化工艺条件。 实验结果表明：苎麻纤维酸式水解的预处理方法中，洗净烘干起到了提高水解率的作用，碱煮和剪碎均降低了水解率。无机强酸——硫酸对苎麻纤维水解的优化工艺为浓度45%，温度90℃，固液比1：60及反应时间2小时可使水解率最高达到33.56%。有机强酸——乙酸水解的优化工艺为浓度30%，温度30℃，固液比1：60及反应时间1小时可使水解率最高达到25.55%。混合酸——乙酸与盐酸混合的优化工艺为总浓度30%，乙酸/盐酸体积比为4，温度40℃，固液比1：50及反应1小时可使水解率最高达到19.23%。混合酸的水解率总体低于单酸的水解率。 关键字：苎麻纤维；废弃织物；预处理；酸法降解；水解率 The technical study of Ramie fiber acid degradation process ABSTRACT In this paper, we discussed the optimization program of ramie fiber acid hydrolysis process. Before the process, we must ascertain the optimal pre-treatment methods by research to ramie fiber components. Compared inorganic acids with organic acids, Changed the factors in hydrolysis process——including the acid concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time and liquid-solid ratio, measured and calculated hydrolysis rate and sugar content. Summarized the impact of various factors on the results to make sure the optimum process. The experimental results show that: There are some methods of ramie fiber acid hydrolysis pre-treatment. Washing and dried played a role to increase the rate of hydrolysis; Alkali boiled and cut up are counterproductive to the process, they reduced the rate of hydrolysis. The optimization process for inorganic acid (sulfuric acid) hydrolysis of ramie fiber with concentration 45%; temperature 90 ℃; solid-liquid ratio 1:60 and reaction time 2 hours, the hydrolysis rate allows up to 33.56%. The optimization process for organic acid ( \o 查找: acetic acid acetic acid) hydrolysis of ramie fiber with concentration 30%; temperature 30 ℃; solid-liquid ratio 1:60 and reaction time 1 hours, the hydrolysis rate allows up to 25.55%. The optimization process for mixed acid (acetic acid hydrochloric acid) hydrolysis of ramie fiber with the total concentration 30%; temperature 40 ℃; solid-liquid ratio 1:50 and reaction time 1 hours, the hydrolysis rate