高中英语知识讲解 动词ing形式作表语，定语和宾语补足语.docVIP

PAGE 动词-ing形式作表语，定语和宾语补足语 概念引入： 在上一个单元我们已经学过了动词-ing形式作主语和宾语等用法，本单元我们继续学习动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法。看下面句子： The music they are playing sounds so exciting. We watched three boys sharing their food with each other. Our job is playing all kinds of music. The girl singing now is a classmate of mine. 例句1、3都是-ing形式作表语，例句2是-ing形式作watched的宾语的补足语，而例句4是句子的主语the girl的定语。 那么用动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语需要注意什么呢？这就是本单元我们要解决的问题。 语法讲解 【高清课堂：356774，非谓语动词之-ing形式 非谓语动词之-ing形式】 两种动词-ing形式： 动词-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种，在传统语法中，动词-ing形式有两个名字，一是动名词，相当于名词，常作主语、宾语、同位语、定语等；另一个是现在分词，相当于形容词或副词，常作表语、宾语补足语、状语、定语等。 动名词的基本形式： 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 现在分词的基本形式： 现在分词 及物动词write 不及物动词go 主动语态 被动语态 主动语态 一般式 writing being written going 完成式 having written having been written having gone He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. (动名词的一般式) 他建议下个星期天带我女儿去动物园。 Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. (现在分词的完成式) 在这个城市生活了3年，她对这里已很熟悉。 I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture. (动名词的完成式) 错过了这么振奋人心的演讲，我真的很遗憾。 The question being discussed is very important. （现在分词的被动式） 正在讨论的问题很重要。 I hear they have promoted Tom, but he didnt mention having been promoted when we talked on the phone. （动名词的完成被动形式） 我听说他们提拔了汤姆，但我们在电话里交谈时汤姆没有提到被提拔的事。 动词的-ing形式主动式表被动含义 1. 在形容词worth之后的动名词，用主动形式表达被动含义。 The book is worth reading a second time. 这本书值得再读一次。 2. 在动词want, need, require后接动名词的主动形式表达被动含义，当然这几个动词也可以跟不定式的被动形式去表达此意。二者无任何区别。 This sentence needs improving.= This sentence needs to be improved.这个句子需要改。 The room requires cleaning. =The room requires to be cleaned.房间需要打扫了。 My hair wants cutting. = My hair wants to be cut.我的头发需要理了。 动词-ing形式作表语 1. 表示主语的内容，可以转换到句首作主语。如： Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job) 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。 One of his bad habits is smoking while having dinner. 他的坏习惯之一是吃饭时吸烟。 2. 动词–ing用来表示主语所具有的特征，如： His concern for his mother is most touching. 他对母亲的关爱很感人。 His wor