试论结构工程中的大数据范式技术与实例分析-Engineering.pdf

第 36 卷第 6 期 Vol.36 No.6 工 程 力 学 2019 年 6 月 June 2019 ENGINEERING MECHANICS 175 文章编号：1000-4750(2019)06-0175-08 试论结构工程中的大数据：范式、技术与实例分析 陈 隽 1,2 (1 ．同济大学土木工程学院，上海 200092 ；2 ．土木工程防灾国家重点实验室，同济大学，上海 200092) 摘 要：源自信息科学的大数据思想是当前科学和技术领域的热点话题，大数据技术的推广和应用已经迅速上升 到了国家战略的高度，给包括结构工程在内的各个学科带来了新的历史性发展机遇。该文尝试结合大数据概念及 其技术特征，着重从研究范式转变的角度，探讨大数据思维和大数据技术应用于结构工程领域所带来的冲击、机 遇和挑战，在厘清一些模糊认识的同时，结合第三代结构设计理论的发展讨论了大数据技术可能的应用场景，并 以建筑物活荷载研究为例进行了分析。 关键词：大数据；结构工程；范式变化；第三代结构设计理论；活荷载 中图分类号：TP312+ 文献标志码：A doi: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2018.05.0279 A DISCUSSION ON BIG DATA IN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING: PARADIGM, TECHNOLOGY AND EXAMPLE CHEN Jun1,2 (1. College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China) Abstract: Big data is no doubt the most popular topic currently in science and technology field. Application of big data has already reached the level as high as a national strategy. It brings new historical development opportunities to various interdisciplinary fields including structural engineering. This paper discusses, from the point of view of research paradigm shift, the impacts, problems and challenges along with the introduction of big data concepts and technologies to structural engineering. Potential applications of big data in structural engineering are then discussed according to the development trend of the third generation of structural design theory. Finally, an example is given which shows the applicatio