六西格玛绿带培训2.ppt

Introduction 为什么do we need to built reliability into our 流程es ? Reliability has Gain importance in many operation 和产品 in the market Competition in the market 和dem和is the service. Customer wants more reliable services, 流程or 产品. As a consumer. We are concern about buying 产品 that last longer 和are cheaper. This call to have High Reliability to be build in our 产品 和services. Reduce risk of liability How do we measure reliability of your 流程和system? Exponential Failure Model If the random variable T denoting time to failure is exponentially distributed, then the following properties hold: f(t) = ? e -?t , t ? 0 F(t) = P(failure before time t) = P(T ? t) = 1- e -?t R(t) = P( failure after time t) = P(T ? t) = e -?t E(T) = Meantime between failure = MTBF = 1/ ? ? = average number of failure per time interval, which is the only parameter in the exponential distribution. Therefore the Hazard Function h(t) = f(t)/R(t) = ? e -?t / e -?t = ? Exponential model is often use to model useful life period or operation zone Exponential Failure Model Another important property of the exponential distribution is called the “ Forgetfulness” property.This property says that, no matter how long the item has been working, it is as good as new. We express this property as Example : Confidence Limit of Reliability Generally, we are not concerned with upper confidence limits for reliability , only lower limits Normal Failure Model What is a 设计of Experiment It is an Experiment that we run to learn about our 流程 We purposefully make changes to the inputs ( or Factors) in order to observe corresponding changes in the outputs ( or response) The information Gain from properly designed Experiment can be use to improve performance characteristic, to reduce costs 和time associated with 产品development , 设计和产品ion To build a mathematical models which approximate the true 关系hip between the inputs 和the outputs. Turning an Art to Science. The mathematical model will contain information to optimize