《乙醇-水体系中超细镍粉制备》-毕业设计（论文）.docVIP

PAGE 6 乙醇-水体系中超细镍粉制备 摘 要 采用在乙醇-水溶液中的液相还原化学法制备不同形貌的超细镍粉。通过改变硫酸镍的浓度、氢氧化钠的浓度、硫酸镍与水合肼的摩尔比、反应温度来控制超细镍粉的微观形貌；在硫酸铜作为成核剂，柠檬酸作为络合剂，酒石酸钠作为分散剂条件下制备得到了镍粉。采用扫描电镜(SEM)对样品进行表征。结果表明，可通过改变成核剂、反应物的浓度和反应温度实现对镍粉的形貌和尺寸调控，所得颗粒为球形，颗粒的尺寸介于200-1000 nm之间,且分布比较均匀。 在乙醇与水的体积比为2:8的体系中，以硫酸铜为成核剂，硫酸铜/Ni2+摩尔比为0.001，柠檬酸/Ni2+摩尔比为0.001，氢氧化钠浓度为1.5mol/L，酒石酸钠10g/L，水合肼/Ni2+摩尔比为3.0，在80℃下，硫酸镍浓度为0.8mol/L时所得到的产物是球形的镍粉颗粒，粒径达到300nm 。效果最佳。 关 键 词：超细镍粉，液相还原法，乙醇/水溶液，水合肼 PREPARATION OF ULTRAFINE NICKEL POWDER IN ETHANOL WATER SYSTEM ABSTARACTS Liquid phase reduction method to synthesize ultra-fine nickel powders with different morphologies and sizes in ethanol / water solution was presented.The well-defined ultra-fine nickel powders were prepared by changing the concentration of aqueous solution of nickel salt and sodium hydroxide,or by changing the mole ratio between reactants and the reaction temperature.we obtained ultrafine nickel powder under the conditions of Copper sulfate as a nucleating agent,citric acid as a complexing agent,sodium tartrate as a dispersant.The resulting products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).It is found that the mole ratio between reactants,the concentration of reactants and reaction temperature have much effect on the morphologies and sizes of nickel powders,and it is concluded that the nickel powders with different morphologies can be prepared by adjusting them.The resulting product is Spherical nickel powder, the particle size range between 200-1000 nm. And more evenly distributed. the spherical nickel powder was preparated in a system that Ethanol and water in volume ratio is 2:8, copper sulfate / Ni2 + molar ratio is 0.001, citric acid / Ni2 + molar ratio is 0.001, sodium hydroxide concentration is 1.5mol/L, Tartaric acid sodium concentration is 10g / L, hydrazine / Ni2 + molar ratio is 3.0,under the conditions of Copper sulfate as a nucleating agent,citric acid as a complexing agent,sodium tartrate as a dispersant,at80 ℃, Samples is best and the Diameter r