《弥苴河流域农村农业面源氮污染负荷调查研究》-毕业论文（设计）.docVIP

科类 理工类 本科生毕业论文 弥苴河流域农村农业面源氮污染负荷调查研究 The Research of Rural Agricultural Nonpoint 弥苴河流域农村农业面源氮污染负荷调查研究 摘 要 本文试通过对洱源县弥苴河流域七个监测断面水质总氮的跟踪监测分析，以及从流域农业面源不同污染类型的角度来揭示弥苴河农村地区各类典型河流氮污染特征，结果表明：（1）TN监测数据沿程变化且TN最高浓度一般会出现在枯水期，最低浓度会出现在丰水期；（2）从农业面源不同污染类型来看，农田化肥TN年排放量所占比重最大，人畜粪便TN年排放量所占比重次之，农田固废、农村生活垃圾、生活污水TN年排放量所占比重相对较小。其中人畜粪便污染在农业面源污染中贡献率最大；（3）从面源污染物结构（乡镇）不同污染类型来看，上游区的三营镇、茈碧湖镇，下游区右所镇、上关镇对弥苴河TN污染的贡献情况最大。 关键词：总氮；污水；垃圾；固废；水质 The Research of Rural Agricultural Nonpoint College of Resources and Environment，Yunnan Agricultural University ABSTRACT This paper analyzed the total nitrogen of seven Monitoring Section’ water in Eryuan County Mi Ju river. And reveal all kinds of Characteristic of Nitrogen pollution in Typical river which located in Mi Ju River’s Rural areas from From the perspective of different agricultural non-point sources pollution types , the results show that: (1) TN monitor datas change along the way and the highest concentration of TN usually appears in the dry season, the lowest concentration in the wet period, 2) from From the perspective of different agricultural non-point sources pollution types, the largest Proportion is TN Year emissions of agricultural fertilizers , second the TN Year emissions of human and animal , and TN Year emissions of agricultural solid waste, rural solid waste, sewage have a relatively small proportion; And human and animal faecal contamination in agricultural pollution have the greatest contribution. (3) integrated agricultural pollution output, the upstream area of the three Ying Town Key words：General nitrogen;Foul water ;Rubbish ;Solid waste ;Water quality 弥苴河流域农村农业面源氮污染负荷调查研究 1 引言 农村农业面源污染问题在我国农村环境污染中日益突出，面源污染的时空范围更广，不确定性更大，成分、过程更复杂，更难以控制。当前，在我国农业活动中，非科学的经管理念和落后的生产方式是造成农业环境面源污染的重要因素，这些污染源对环境的污染，尤其对水环境的污染影响最大[1-3].据统计，农业面源污染占河流富营养问题的60%～80%。水体富营养化的形成原因是 氮等植物营养物质含量过多所引起的水质污染现象[4-9]。氮流入到河流中后，为水域中藻类植物提供了丰富的营养，导致其快速生长，消耗了水中大部分的氧气，任何水生动物都因缺氧而无法生存