SNPs在大豆等作物遗传及改良中的应用.docVIP

中圊摩雩通报第20卷第5期2004年lO月 SNPs在大豆等作物遗传及改良中的应用 梁慧玲1,李卫东1,王辉2,卢为国1,王树峰1,王庭峰1,张辉1,李金英1 (t河南省农业科学院棉花油料作物研究所,郑州450002;2西北农林科技大学,陕西杨陵712100 摘要:单核苷酸多态性(single nucleodde polymorphism,SNP是指DNA序列上的单个碱基变异,它具有分布广、多态信息量大、易于检测和统计分析等优点,被称为继tLFLP和微卫星标记后的第三代基因遗传标记。单核苷酸多态性是等位基因间序列差异最为普遍的类型,可作为一种高通量的遗传标记。已建立PCR扩增目标序列及其产物测序和电子SNP(eSNP等多种发现和检测SNP的方法。大豆等作物也已开展了SNP分析。一些栽培作物种质的多样件不断减少,其结果连锁不平衡(hnkage dise—quilibrium,LD增加,这有利于目的基因座上SNP单元型(haplotype与表型的相关性分析。SNP已在作物基因作图及其整合、分子标记辅助育种和功能基因组学等领域展示了广泛的应用价值。 关键词:单核着酸多态性(SNPs;分子标记;大豆;连锁不平衡 Application of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Soybean and Other Crop Genetics and Improvement Liang Huizhenl,Li Weidon91,Wang Hui2,Lu Weigu01,Wang Shufen91, Wang Tingfen91,Zhang Huil,Li Jinyin91 (1CottonOil Crops Reasearch Institute,Henan A cademy ofAgricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou450002; 2Noahwest Science and Technology Unwersi@ofAgriculturalForestry,Yangling Shanxi712100 Abstract:Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNPrefers to the change of single nucleotide in DNA sequence. Because of its high density in genomes and easy in detection and analysis statistically,SNP can be used in genetic linkage map construction and QTL mapping.Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNPis the most common type of sequence difference between alleles,which can be used as a kind of high-throughput genetic marker.Several different routes have been developed to discover and identify SNP.These include the direct sequencing of PCR amplicons,electronic SNP(eSNPand SO on.SNP assays have been made in many crop species such as soybcan.The elite germplasm of some crops have been narrowed in genetic diversity increasing the amount of linkage disequilibrium(LDpresent and facilitating the association of SNP haplotypes at candidate gene loci with phenotypes.SNP analysis has been broadly used in the field of plant gene mapping,integration of genetic and physical maps.DNA marker-assisted breeding and functional genomics. Key words:Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP,Soybean molecular marker,Linkage disequilibr