北马其顿审议秘书处报告摘要.doc

SUMMARY 概述 1. As a small, landlocked, middle-income country of 2 million people with a GDP of around EUR 11 billion, the Republic of North Macedonia (hereafter: North Macedonia) is dependent on trade, with exports and imports in goods and services representing around 133% of GDP in 2018.1、作为一个人口约200万、国内生产总值（GDP）约110亿欧元的内陆中等收入小国，北马其顿共和国（以下简称“北马其顿”）的经济增长高度依赖对外贸易。2018年商品和服务的进出口总额大约相当于北马其顿GDP的133%。 2. The services sector is the largest contributor to GDP (64% of GDP in 2018), followed by manufacturing (15%), agriculture, forestry and fishing (8.4%) and construction (7%). GDP growth averaged 2.2% on an annual basis from 2012 to 2018, and is expected to remain at this level in the medium term. Between 2012 and 2018, GDP per capita rose by more than 40%, and unemployment declined from 31.0% to 20.7%. The period also witnessed a substantial reduction in poverty.2、服务业占GDP比重最大（2018年为64%），其次是制造业（15%）、农业、林业和渔业（8.4%）和建筑业（7%）。2012年至2018年，GDP年均增长率为2.2%，预计中期内依然能够保持这一水平。2012年至2018年间，人均GDP增长了40%以上，失业率从31.0%降至20.7%。在此期间，贫困人口也大幅减少。 3. The current account deficit narrowed from EUR 240 million (3.2% of GDP) in 2012 to EUR 31.9 million (0.3% of GDP) in 2018. This is due to a reduction of the trade balance deficit, and to an increase in the surplus of the services balance.3、经常账目赤字从2012年的2.4亿欧元（占GDP的3.2%）降至2018年的3190万欧元（占GDP的0.3%），主要得益于贸易逆差减少和服务贸易顺差增加。 4. Imports and exports of goods grew constantly during the review period, but the growth rate of exports was more sustained. The share in GDP of merchandise exports increased from 30.4% in 2012 to 45.5% in 2018, while that of merchandise imports rose from 56.9% to 61.6%. The share of manufacturing in total merchandise exports increased from 71.8% in 2012 to 82.3% in 2017. The composition of exports of manufactures also changed significantly, as illustrated by the increase in the relative shares of machinery and transport equipment, and chemicals. The surplus of the services balance grew during the review period, as the increase in the val