lectureThree英汉语言对比.pptVIP

由此可见，英语是“静态”的语言，而汉语则是“动态”的语言。“英语的静态修辞实质是名词优势和介词优势，而介词优势又是名词优势的必然结果。因为名词与名词之间要借助介词来联结。” 因此，在英译汉时常常要变“静”为“动”，摆脱名词化的框架和大量介词的干扰，突出原文的动态色彩。 Summary 假如破坏本国文字的结构与特性，就能传达异国文字的特性而获致原作的精神，那么翻译真是太容易了。不幸那种理论非但是刻舟求剑，而且结果是削足适履，两败俱伤。 两国文字词类的不同，句法构造的不同，文法与习惯的不同，修辞格律的不同，俗语的不同，即反映民族思想方式的不同，感觉深浅的不同，观点角度的不同，风俗传统信仰的不同，社会背景的不同，表现方法的不同。以甲国文字传达乙国文字所包含的那些特点，必须像伯乐相马，要“得其精而忘其粗，得其内而忘其外” 。而即使是最优秀的译文，其韵味较之原文仍不免过或不及。 【Friendly advice】 英译汉时化 “整”为 “零”（有形变无形）；汉译英时积 “零”为 “整”(无形变有形)； 英译汉时可能会增加东西，但绝对必要减掉一些东西（如连接词等）； 汉译英时无法让译句与原句一一对应，可能会减掉某些东西，但绝对必须增加一些东西（如连接词等）； 敢“破”巧“立”，即忠实于原文的意义，又使用地道的译入语结构；即避免了翻译腔，又使译文流畅通顺。 例句练习： 【课堂活动1】 Directions： Discuss in groups of three or four on the text “Creative people” : 1) 我们翻译时的主要困难有： 2) 我们在翻译过程中用到哪些翻译技巧： 英译汉小练笔（2） When we think of creative people the names that probably spring to mind are those of men such as Leonardo da Vinci, Albert Einstein, and Pablo Picasso, i.e., great artists, inventors and scientists — a select and exceptionally gifted body of men with rare talent and genius. // The tendency to regard creativity and imaginative thinking as the exclusive province of a lucky few disregards the creative and imaginative aspects inherent in the solution of many of the tasks we regularly have to face — the discovery and development of new methods and techniques, the improvement of old methods, existing inventions and products.// Everyone has creative ability to some extent. // Creative thinking involves posing oneself a problem and then finding a solution along new and unconventional lines. // It involves drawing new comparisons, discovering new combinations, and/or new applications of things that are already known. // It follows, then, that a creative person will exhibit great intellectual curiosity and imagination. // He will be alert and observant with a great store of information which he will be able to sort out and combine, in the solution of problem. // He will be emotionally receptive to new and unconventional ideas and will be less interested in facts th