脉冲半导体激光测距接收电路与计时方法研究.docVIP

脉冲半导体激光测距接收电路与计时方法研究 Pulse Semiconductor Laser Rangefinder Receiving Circuit and Timing Method 摘 要 本论文详细讨论了一种可实现高速激光测距的接收电路和计时电路。实验系统采用APD作为光电传感器，将激光脉冲信号转变为微弱电流脉冲，经过两级放大后，信号变为幅度较大的电压脉冲，经过时点鉴别电路分别确定计时起点和终点后，由计时电路来精确测量两个时间点之间的时间间隔。基于传递延时插入法和CPLD的工作原理，对快速测距技术进行了研究，研制了一种能实现收到回波脉冲后80ns内完成测距，测距精度士0.2m的计时电路，并将该电路集成于一片可编程逻辑器件中，减小了电路面积和功耗，增强了抗干扰能力。 关键词：高速测距 逻辑器件 传递延时 APD 激光测距 Abstract A type of receiver circuit and timing circuit which can be applied in high-speed laser range- finder is discussed in this paper. After two-level amplification we got a voltage pulse that had a enough amplitude to be applied，the timing point was discriminated by the constant-fraction timing discriminator circuit. Timing circuits transferred the pulse flight time to digital signal accurately. Implementing normal time Measuring method，flight time of pulse laser was multiplied and measuring speed was de-multiplied. To solve this problem，quick range measurement technology was researched based on the method of propagation delay and working principle of CPLD. A time measurement circuit with an accuracy of士0.2m was designed and accomplished. It could finish the whole measurement process in 80ns after the bounced pulse was reeeived. Keyword:High-speed measurement Propagation delay APD Laser range-finder 目 录 第一章 绪 论 ............................................... 1 1.1激光测距技术原理介绍 ................................ 1 1.2国内外研究历史、现状和发展趋势 ...................... 2 第二章 脉冲激光测距系统设计 ................................ 4 2.1激光测距系统结构 .................................... 4 2.2激光脉冲发生电路 .................................... 4 第三章 脉冲激光接收电路 .................................... 6 3.1光电检测传感器的选择 ................................ 6 3.2雪崩光电二极管 ...................................... 8 3.3APD反向偏压发生电路 ................................. 9 3.4放大电路 ........................................... 14 3.5时点判别电路 ....................................... 15 第四章 脉冲激光测距计时电路 ............................... 17 4.1时间数字转换器插补方法 .............................