英语时态结构介绍.ppt

英语时态结构11/24 一般现在时 主语+ is/am/are+n./adj 主语+do/does+宾语 一般将来时: will/shall +do is/am/are going to do /be to do /be about to do 过去将来时: could/would do 现在完成时: have/has done 过去完成时: had done 将来完成时: shall/will have done 过去将来完成时: would/could have done 现在进行时: Is/am/are doing 过去进行时: was/were doing 将来进行时: will/shall be doing 过去将来进行时: would/could be doing 现在完成进行时: have/has been doing 过去完成进行时: had been doing 将来完成进行时: shall have been doing 过去将来完成进行时: would have been doing 完成时perfect tense 现在完成时 现在完成时的用法 主语+have (has)+过去分词(done) 　　（1.）定义：现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. 　I have lost my wallet.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) 　Jane has laid the table.(含义是:简已在吃饭.) 　Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱) 　He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地) 　　（2.）定义2： 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的情况,常与for, since连用. 　　Mary has been ill for three days. 　　I have lived here since 1998. 注意： 1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，如yesterday (morning、afternoon), last (morning、afternoon)等，除非与for, since连用. 　　2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already, yet, just, before, recently, still, lately等: 　　He has already obtained a scholarship. 　　I havent seen much of him recently (lately). 　　We have seen that film before. 　　Have they found the missing child yet 　　3. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等: 　　Have you ever been to Beijing 　　I have never heard Bunny say anything against her. 　　I have used this pen only three times. It is still good. 　　George has met that gentleman on several occasions. 4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用, 如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to present, so far等: Peter has written six papers so far. Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom. There has been too much rain in San Francisco this year. The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.