中考名词，冠词和数词精讲.docx

知识点一（冠词） 【知识梳理】 不定冠词a / an a 易错的辅音音素开头的单词 a +university/uniform/useful/useless make a living; in a hurry; go for a swim; have a good time; have a look at; have a walk/ talk /cold ; It’s a pleasure… an 易错的元音音素开头的单词 an+ hour /honest take an active part in 积极参加… 26个字母中有12个字母以元音音素开头，要用an: ( A,E, F, H, I, L, M, N, O, R, S, X ) 定冠词the 1、特指、独一无二、序数词前 the boy in blue； the sun；the only； the first 2、乐器、same、最高级前 play the piano/violin/guitar/drum； the same； the thinnest； 3、搭配 make the bed 铺床；by the way 顺便说一下； take the place of 代替 4、其他用法 the + adj. 表示一类人 the poor，the rich，the blind the + 姓氏复数，表示一家人the Whites 零冠词 三餐、球类、棋牌类、官职 have breakfast; play tennis; play chess; play cards; manager; monitor by + 交通工具 by underground 乘地铁 注意区别 go to school 去上学（强调功用）；go to the school去学校（强调地点） go to church 去做礼拜（强调功用）；go to the church去教堂（强调地点） 【例题精讲】 例1. He had ________ unusual voice and he wanted to work in Disney’s cartoon films for children. A) an B) a C)/ D) the 例2. We should give ________ blind a hand when they cross the busy crossing road. A) / B) a C) an D) the 【课堂练习】 1.There is ________ “u” in the word “university”. A) the B) an C) a D) / 2.Australia is a great country with ________ amazing places and lovely animals. A) a B) an C) the D) / 3、The Greeks succeeded in capturing the city of Troy by playing ________ trick. A) a B) an C) the D) / 4、I have ________ pity on you, but I really cannot help you this time. A) / B) a C) an D) the 5、 ________ sign here stands for ________ mistake. A. A…a B. A…the C. The…a D. The…the 6、 Ted told us a funny story, but he forgot ______ending himself. A. / B. a C. an D. the 知识点二（名词） 【知识梳理】 可数名词的复数变化 规则变化 (1) 大多数都直接在名词后加-s。 (2) 以-s , -x , -ch , -sh结尾的名词加-es。 (3)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加-es (4) 以-o结尾的名词，大多数在词尾加-s (5) -f，-fe结尾的名词，大部分将-f，-fe改成v，再加-es 2)不规则变化 (1) 单复数同形：sheep，fish，deer，Chinese，Japanese。 (2) 变内