04 文明流通的动脉-丝绸之路.pptVIP

文明流通的动脉：丝绸之路 The Bridge of Cultural Exchange: The Bridge of the Communication of Civilization: The Silk Road 丝绸之路是公元前2世纪开始出现的一条联系中国和欧亚大陆的交通要道， The Silk Road refers to a transport route connecting ancient China with Central Asia, West Asia, Africa, and the European continent. 由于这条道路开始时以丝绸贸易为主，所以人们便称它为丝绸之路。 It appeared as early as the second century BC and was travelled mainly by silk merchants. Thus/Hence/Therefore, it was called /named the Silk Road. 丝绸之路(德语Seidenstrasse)一词最早是由德国地理学家费迪南·冯·李希霍芬(Ferdinand von Richthofen)在19世纪末提出的。 The term “Silk Road”, or “die Seidenstrasse” in German, was first noted down by the German geographer Ferdinand von Richthofen at the end of the 19th century. …in the late 19th century. 1. 西安 Xi’an 吉安 Ji’an 2. 山西 Shanxi 陕西 Shaanxi 3. 呼和浩特 Hohhot 乌鲁木齐 Urumqi 布达拉宫 the Potala Palace 哈尔滨 Harbin 4. 新疆维吾尔自治区 Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 宁夏回族自治区 Ningxia Hui A_ R_ 广西壮族自治区 Guangxi Zhuang A_ R_ 内蒙古自治区 Inner Mongolia A_ R_ 西藏自治区 Tibet A_ R_ 这条陆上道路从中国的长安(今陕西西安)开始，经甘肃、新疆，进而到中亚、西亚，并一直联结到地中海沿岸各国。 The Silk Road began in Chang’an (present-day Xi’an, capital of Shaanxi Province), passing through Gansu and Xinjiang to Central Asia, West Asia, and to lands by the Mediterranean. …to the Mediterranean countries. 华夏文明和地中海沿岸文明开始时互不了解， There were no signs of communication between ancient Chinese civilization and Mediterranean civilization in earlier history. 到了公元前7世纪左右，古希腊人开始知道有一个东方的古国，但对这个古国文明的情况不甚了了。 In about the seventh century BC, the ancient Greeks began to learn about an ancient civilization to the east, yet knew little about it. 考古学家已经证实，在丝绸之路没有开通之前，黄河流域、印度河流域到两河流域、尼罗河流域的草原上，已经有人踩出了一条时断时续的草原贸易小道，但这完全不能与丝绸之路相提并论。 Before the Silk Road, according to archeological findings, there had already existed an intermittent trade route on the grasslands from the Yellow River and Indus River drainage areas to the Euphrates and Tigris, and the Nile drainage areas, which was incomparable to the Silk Road. 只有到了丝绸之路开通后，中国和欧亚大陆诸