兽医专业英语扬州大学lessonfourteen.pptVIP

Lesson Fourteen Brucella Species New words and phrases Brucella Coccobacillary Coccobacilli Decolourise Ziehl-Neelsen stain Carbol fuchsin Aerobic Capnophilic Catalase Oxidase B. ovis Suppuration Caseation Predilection Allantoic Erythritol Steroid Hormone Placentae Undulant Pyrexia Malaise fatigue Osteomyelitis Urease MacConkey B. abortus biotype 2 Venereal Uterus Conjunctiva Inhalation Endotoxin Thoracic duct Parenchymatous 马尔他布鲁菌(B.melitensis)， 牛布鲁菌(B.abortus)， 猪布鲁菌(B.suis)， 绵羊布鲁菌(B.ovis)， 犬布鲁菌(B.canis) 沙林鼠布鲁菌(B.neotomae) Hydrophilic Hydrophobic Allantoic cavity allantoic fluid allantoic membrane allantoic inoculation Text Brucella species are small Gram-negative rods (0.5~0.7μm×0.6~1.5μm) that often appear coccobacillary. They are non-motile, non-sporeforming and partially acid-fast in that they are not decolourised by 0.5 per cent acetic acid(乙酸) in the modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN) stain. The carbol fuchsin is retained and the brucellae appear as red-staining coccobacilli. The brucellae are aerobic and capnophilic, catalase-positive, oxidase-positive (except B. ovis and B. neotomae), urease-positive (except B. ovis) and will not grow on MacConkey agar. B. ovis and B. abortus biotype 2 require media enriched with blood or serum. The growth of other brucellae is enhanced on enriched media but they are able to grow on nutrient agar. Brucella species are obligate parasites and each species has a preferred natural host that serves as a reservoir of infection. Brucellae have a predilection for ungulate (有蹄动物的) placentas, foetal fluids and testes(睾丸) of bulls, rams, boars and dogs. B. abortus is excreted in bovine milk and can remain viable in milk, water and damp soil for up to 4 months. Transmission is by direct or indirect contact with infective excretors（排菌者）. The route of infection is often by ingestion but venereal transmission may occur and is the main route for B. ovis. The brucellae possess an endotoxin that contributes to the pathogenesis,