常见疾病 病因与治疗方法——急性中毒的诊断和救治.pptVIP

急性中毒的诊断和救治中国医科大学附属第一医院急诊科 赵敏 中 毒 一、? 概念 二、 分类 三、中毒发展史 四、诊断程序 五、急性中毒治疗 一、? 概念 中毒：化学物质进入人体在效应器官 达到一定量而引起损害的全身 性疾病。 毒物：引起中毒的化学物质。 二、中毒分类 工业 药物 农药 有毒的动植物 杀虫剂 Red bean Jimson weed Castor bean Snake bite Snake bite Spider bite Ethchlorvynol Ivy 三、中毒发展史 20th Century Milestones in the Development of Medical Toxicology? 1949 First toxicology wards open in Budapest and Cobenhagen 1953 First U.S poison control center opens in Chicago 1957 17 poison control centers in operation in United States 1958 America Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC)founded 1963 Initial call for development of of regional PCCs 1968 America Academy of Clinical Toxicology (AACT) established 1972 Introduction of microfiche technology to poison information 1974? American Board of Medical Toxicology (ABMT) established 1972 use microfilm, there are two intoxication data bank: TOXIFILE and POISINDEX. 1980s CD-ROM is used. 1983 First examination given for Specialists in Poison Information(SPIS) 1985 American Board of Applied Toxicology (ABAT) established 1992 Medical Toxicology recognized by American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) 1994 First ABMS examination in Medical Toxicology 1997 257 physicians were board certified in medical toxicology either by the ABMT and /or ABMS 2000 AGGME approval of residency training programs in Medical Toxicology  前11位常见中毒原因 (2001 AAPCC Annual Report) Number of Exposures %解热镇痛药(Tylenol, etc.) 240,757 10.6 清洁剂 216,102 9.5 美容剂和香水，含漱 208171 9.2 异物 115,320