光氮互作对烟草气体交换和部分碳氮代谢酶活性及品质的影响 .docVIP

作物学报ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2010, 36(3: 508 516 /zwxb/ ISSN 0496-3490; CODEN TSHPA9E-mail: xbzw@ DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.00508 光氮互作对烟草气体交换和部分碳氮代谢酶活性及品质的影响 云菲刘国顺*史宏志 河南农业大学烟草学院 / 国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地, 河南郑州 450002 摘要: 以烤烟品种豫烟5号为材料, 采用4种光照强度和3种氮素水平的复因子盆栽试验, 分析了不同光照强度和 氮素水平及其互作对烤烟气体交换参数、碳氮代谢酶活性及其品质指标的调控效应。结果表明, 遮阴降低了烤烟叶 片的净光合速率(P n、蒸腾速率(T r、气孔导度(G s以及干物质积累量, 但胞间CO2浓度(C i升高; 光氮互作效应对光 合生理指标有显著影响, 在遮阴引起烤烟叶片光合速率下降的情况下, 氮素的施用可以提高光合效率, 促进干物质 积累, 但过量氮素会产生反馈抑制。遮阴使转化酶(INV活性降低, 但充足的氮素营养能够促进碳代谢。硝酸还原酶(NR活性随施氮量的增加而升高, 中、低氮处理的NR活性高峰出现在移栽后45 d, 高氮处理则出现在移栽后60 d, 表明氮代谢转向碳代谢的时间推后。随光强减弱和施氮量增加烟碱、总氮含量上升, 碳水化合物含量下降, 总体上呈 现氮代谢强于碳代谢的趋势。光氮互作效应主要表现为:在同一氮素水平下减弱光照(本试验70%光照强度和在弱 光条件下增施氮肥(本试验N2, 每盆3.5 g, 能够有效地改善烟株的光合性能, 促进体内碳氮代谢平衡, 有利于光合 产物的积累和优良品质的形成。 关键词:光强; 氮素; 烤烟; 光合; 碳氮代谢; 品质 Interaction Effects of Light Intensity and Nitrogen Supply on Gas Exchange, Some Enzyme Activities in Carbon-Nitrogen Metabolism and Quality in Flue-Cured Tobacco YUN Fei, LIU Guo-Shun*, and SHI Hong-Zhi College of Tobacco Science / National Tobacco Cultivation Physiology Biochemistry Research Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China Abstract: As a main nutritive element of tobacco, nitrogen not only plays an important role in protection against light stress, but also impacts on the balance of carbon-nitrogen metabolism. The combination of proper light intensity and nitrogen application could improve the utilization of light energy and increase the amount of dry matter accumulation in flue-cured tobacco. The ob-jectives of this study were to reveal the interaction effects of light intensity and nitrogen application on gas exchange parameters, some enzyme activities in carbon-nitrogen metabolism and chemical composition and to investigate the optimum combination of light and nitrogen in tobacco growth. Flue-cured tobacco Yuyan 5 was used in a pot experiment in 2008, with the treatments of light intensity (four levels and nitrogen supply (three treatments. The results indicated that the net photosyntheti