水稻氮高产高效与低产低效两类品种株型特征差异研究.docVIP

作物学报 ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2010, 36(6: 1011?1021 /zwxb/ ISSN 0496-3490; CODEN TSHPA9 E-mail: xbzw@ 本研究由国家自然科学基金项目国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2006BAD02A03资助。 * 通讯作者(Corresponding author: 张洪程, Tel: 0514第一作者联系方式: E-mail: yzuzhangqing@ Received(收稿日期: 2009-10-21; Accepted(接受日期: 2010-02-08. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01011 水稻氮高产高效与低产低效两类品种株型特征差异研究 张 庆1 殷春渊1 张洪程1,2,* 魏海燕1,2 马 群1 杭 杰1 李 敏1 李国业1 1 扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室; 2 农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心, 江苏扬州225009 摘 要: 以氮利用高产高效型和低产低效型的12个粳稻品种的大田试验研究了225 kg hm?2纯氮水平下株型特征的类型间差异, 以及株型特征、倒伏性状、产量和氮肥利用率的相互关系。结果表明, 水稻上三叶的叶长、叶披垂度, 氮高产高效型品种显著低于氮低产低效型, 平均分别低9.29%、65.3%; 上三叶的叶宽、群体LAI 、有效LAI 、高效LAI 和比叶重, 氮高产高效型平均分别比氮低产低效型高29.25%、8.27%、13.32%、6.66%和5.82%。相对于氮低产低效型品种, 氮高产高效型品种植株茎秆节间配置合理, 抗倒能力增强。水稻的产量、氮肥利用效率与植株上三叶的叶长、叶披垂度均呈显著或极显著负相关, 与上三叶的叶宽、群体LAI 、有效LAI 、高效LAI 和比叶重呈显著或极显著正相关, 与抗折力、弯曲力矩和秆型指数呈显著或极显著正相关。尤其是剑叶、倒三叶的叶长和叶宽对氮素利用效率的作用较大。说明良好的株型结构是氮肥利用效率提高的前提。 关键词: 水稻; 株型特征; 氮效率; 产量 Differences of Plant-Type Characteristics between Rice Cultivars with High and Low Levels in Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency ZHANG Qing1, YIN Chun-Yuan1, ZHANG Hong-Cheng1,2,*, WEI Hai-Yan1,2, MA Qun1, HANG Jie1, LI Min1, and LI Guo-Ye1 1 Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University; 2 Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou 225009, China Abstract: A field experiment with 225 kg ha?1 N fertilizer application was carried out in 2006 and 2007 on the farm of Yangzhou university, Jiangsu province, China. Using 12 rice genotypes (six N-efficient and six N-inefficient selected from 120 rice cultivars grown in Yangzhou during 2004 and 2005 to investigate the relationship among the plant-type characteristics, N use efficiency and yield performance. The results showed that the top three leaves length and drop-angle of high yield and N-efficient rice geno-types were 9.29%, 65.30% lower than those of the low yield and N-inefficient ones, and the width